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Fructose and moderately high dietary salt-induced hypertension: prevention by a combination of N-acetylcysteine and l-arginine

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Abstract

Diets containing 8% salt or 4% fructose (FR) cause insulin resistance and increase tissue methylglyoxal and advanced glycation end products (AGEs), platelet cytosolic-free calcium, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) in rats. In WKY rats, we have shown that moderately high salt, 4% NaCl (MHS) alone in diet does not cause hypertension, and when given along with 4% FR it does not have an additive effect. N-acetylcysteine (NAC) or l-arginine (ARG), treatment alone does not prevent hypertension in this model. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of NAC plus ARG in diet on SBP, platelet cytosolic-free calcium in a MHS + FR model, and to measure the plasma levels of methylglyoxal and the AGE, methylglyoxal-derived hydroimidazolone (MGH). At 7 weeks of age, WKY rats were divided into three groups: control group was given regular rat chow (0.7% NaCl) and water; MHS + FR group, diet containing 4% NaCl and 4% FR in drinking water; and MHS + FR + NAC + ARG group, MHS diet supplemented with 1.5% N-acetylcysteine (NAC) and 1.5% l-arginine (ARG), and 4% FR in drinking water, and followed for 6 weeks. NAC + ARG prevented the increase in platelet cytosolic-free calcium and SBP in MHS + FR treated rats. There was no difference in mean values of plasma methylglyoxal and MGH among the groups. In conclusion, NAC + ARG treatment is effective in preventing hypertension in a moderately high salt + FR-induced animal model. Plasma methylglyoxal and MGH may not represent tissue modification or, alternatively, other tissue AGEs, derived from methylglyoxal or other aldehydes, may be involved in hypertension in this model.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to thank the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Regional Partnership Program and the Janeway Foundation for funding to carry out this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada

    Sudesh Vasdev, Vicki D. Gill & Yingchun Han

  2. Department of Laboratory Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada

    Edward Randell

  3. Division of Community Health, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada

    Veeresh Gadag

  4. Faculty of Medicine, Health Sciences Centre, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Room H-4310, St. John’s, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada

    Sudesh Vasdev

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Vasdev, S., Gill, V.D., Randell, E. et al. Fructose and moderately high dietary salt-induced hypertension: prevention by a combination of N-acetylcysteine and l-arginine. Mol Cell Biochem 337, 9–16 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-009-0281-4

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