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Intestinal inflammation caused by magnesium deficiency alters basal and oxidative stress-induced intestinal function

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of magnesium deficiency on small intestinal morphology and function. Rats were assigned to 4 groups and placed on magnesium sufficient or deficient diet for 1 or 3 weeks. Infiltration of neutrophils and mucosal injury were assessed in stained sections of small intestine. Magnesium deficiency alone induced a significant increase in neutrophil infiltration and increased vascular ICAM-1 expression, in the absence of changes in mucosal injury or expression of proinflammatory mediators. Magnesium deficiency was associated with hyposecretory epithelial cell responses and vascular macromolecular leak in the small intestine and lung, which was attributed partly to reduced expression of NOS-3. To determine the effect of hypomagnesmia on the intestinal responses to a known oxidative stress, groups of rats were randomized to either sham operation or superior mesenteric artery occlusion for 10 (non-injurious) or 30 (injurious) minutes followed by a 1- or 4-hour reperfusion period. In response to mesenteric ischemia/reperfusion, deficient rats showed exaggerated PMN influx, but similar mucosal injury. Intestinal ischemia in sufficient animals induced vascular macromolecular leak in the small intestine and lung at 4 hours of reperfusion, with levels similar to those observed in untreated deficient rats. Acute magnesium repletion of deficient rats 24 h before surgery attenuated the exaggerated inflammation in deficient rats. These data show that magnesium deficiency induced a subclinical inflammation in the small intestine in the absence of mucosal injury, but with significant functional changes in local and remote organs and increased sensitivity to oxidative stress.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by NIH grants National Institutes of Health grants R01-HL-62282 and HL-65718 awarded to W.B.W. and AI 49316 to TSD, and USDA CRIS project #1235-52000-055. The opinions and assertions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the U. S. Department of Defense or the U. S. Department of Agriculture.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20307, USA

    Bradford J. Scanlan

  2. Department of Pediatrics, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20307, USA

    Blaine Tuft

  3. Department of Medicine & The Mucosal Biology Research Center, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    Justin E. Elfrey, Aiping Zhao, Motoko Morimoto & Terez Shea-Donohue

  4. Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Nutrient Requirements and Functions Laboratory, ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD, 20705, USA

    Allen Smith

  5. Division of Experimental Medicine, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University Medical Center, Washington, DC, 20037, USA

    Joanna J. Chmielinska, Maria Isabel Tejero-Taldo, Iu Tong Mak & William B. Weglicki

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  1. Bradford J. Scanlan
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  2. Blaine Tuft
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  11. Terez Shea-Donohue
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Correspondence to Terez Shea-Donohue.

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The opinions contained herein are those of the authors and are not to be construed as official policy or reflecting the views of the Department of Defense

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Scanlan, B.J., Tuft, B., Elfrey, J.E. et al. Intestinal inflammation caused by magnesium deficiency alters basal and oxidative stress-induced intestinal function. Mol Cell Biochem 306, 59–69 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-007-9554-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-007-9554-y

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