Abstract
The utilization of sea areas adjacent to land has rapidly increased in recent years due to the expansion of economic activities from the land to the ocean. To secure the economic feasibility and safety of coastal development, technologies are required that can be used to image the seafloor and shallow subsurface structures at high resolution. For example, ultra-high-resolution (UHR) seismic surveys have improved the spatiotemporal resolution of seismic surveys. Since 2014, the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources has been working on the development of a three-dimensional (3D) UHR seismic survey system that can be operated with a small 10-ton vessel (EOS-Streamer). In this study, the composition of the EOS-Streamer and its individual components are described in detail. To validate the system, the first field demonstration was conducted offshore Pohang in southeastern Korea in 2019. A 9.77-ton small vessel and two 10 in3 air guns were used for the acquisition of field data and a 3D cube with a bin size of 2.5 m was obtained at the postprocessing stage. Continuity was maintained in the 3D cube in both the inline and crossline directions. Various geological structures and fault planes were observed close to the seafloor. The results of this study confirm that economical 3D seismic surveys in coastal areas, which are difficult to conduct using large vessels, can be carried out with the EOS-Streamer system.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brookshire BN, Landers FP, Stein JA (2015) Applicability of ultra-high-resolution 3D seismic data for geohazard identification at mid-slope depths in the Gulf of Mexico: initial results. Underw Technol 32:271–278. https://doi.org/10.3723/ut.32.271
Brookshire BN, Lippus C, Parish A, Mattox B, Burks A (2016) Dense arrays of short streamers for ultrahigh-resolution 3D seismic imaging. Lead Edge 35:594–599. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle35070594.1
Bull JM, Gutowski M, Dix JK, Henstock TJ, Hogarth P, Leighton TG, White PR (2005) Design of a 3D chirp sub-bottom imaging system. Mar Geophys Res 26:157–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-005-3715-8
Dondurur D (2018) Acquisition and processing of marine seismic data, 1st edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam
Dragoset B (2005) A historical reflection on reflections. Lead Edge 24:s46–s70
Ebuna DR, Mitchell TJ, Hogan PJ, Nishenko S, Greene HG (2013) High-resolution offshore 3D seismic geophysical studies of infrastructure geohazards. Appl Geophys Eng Environ Probl 2013:311–320. https://doi.org/10.4133/sageep2013-110.1
Kang NK, Hwang IG, An TW, Chio JY, Lee TH, Lee HS (2019) Overview of reservoir characterization of onshore shallow gas system in Daejam-dong in Pohang. Joint Conference of the Geological Science and Technology of Korea, p 11
KIGAM (2017) Development of engineering-scale 3D system for marine seismic exploration: Final report of basic research project of KIGAM
KIGAM (2019) Development of real-time monitoring mobile system for shallow. 3D seismic survey: Final report of basic research project of KIGAM
Kim W, Kim H, Kim C, Jung J (2015) Deflector system with detachable vane of towing receiver onto the underwater for the based on divided type of marine seismic survey of 3 dimension: KR Patent 10–1646984
Lebedeva-Ivanova N, Polteau S, Bellwald B, Planke S, Berndt C, Stokke HH (2018) Toward one-meter resolution in 3D seismic. Lead Edge 37:818–828. https://doi.org/10.1190/tle37110818.1
Lee H-Y, Hyun B-K, Kong Y-S (1996) PC-based acquisition and processing of high-resolution marine seismic data. Geophysics 61:1804–1812
Lee HY, Park KP, Koo NH, Yoo DG, Kang DH, Kim YG, Hwang KD, Kim JC (2004) High-resolution shallow marine seismic surveys off Busan and Pohang, Korea, using a small-scale multichannel system. J Appl Geophys 56:1–15. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jappgeo.2004.03.003
Lericolais G, Allenou JP, Berné S, Morvan P (1990) A new system for acquisition and processing of very high-resolution seismic reflection data. Geophysics 55:1036–1046
Liner CL (2016) Elements of 3D seismology, 3rd edn. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa
Meckel TA, Mulcahy FJ (2016) Use of novel high-resolution 3D marine seismic technology to evaluate quaternary fluvial valley development and geologic controls on shallow gas distribution, inner shelf, Gulf of Mexico. Interpretation 4:SC35–SC49. https://doi.org/10.1190/INT-2015-0092
Miller RD, Markiewicz RD, Merey C, Xia J, Maples CG (1995) Improvements in shallow high-resolution seismic reflection through PC-based systems. Comput Geosci 21:957–964. https://doi.org/10.1016/0098-3004(95)00032-4
Missiaen T (2005) VHR marine 3D seismics for shallow water investigations: some practical guidelines. Mar Geophys Res 26:145–155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-005-3708-7
NCS (2021) P-cable system. NCS-Subsea. https://ncs-subsea.com/p-cable-technology. Accessed 29 Sep 2021
Park M-H, Lee CS, Kim B-Y, Kim J-H, Kim KJ, Shinn YJ (2018) Preliminary results of the pre-injection monitoring survey at an offshore CO2 injection site in the Youngil Bay. J Eng Geol 28:247–258. https://doi.org/10.9720/kseg.2018.2.247
Park YJ, Kang NK, Yi BY, Yoo DG (2020) Seismic stratigraphy and structural analysis in the western margin of the Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Japan Sea). Conference of the Geological Society of Korea, p 122
Petersen CJ, Bünz S, Hustoft S, Mienert J, Klaeschen D (2010) High-resolution P-cable 3D seismic imaging of gas chimney structures in gas hydrated sediments of an Arctic sediment drift. Mar Petrol Geol 27:1981–1994. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.marpetgeo.2010.06.006
Planke S, Erikson FN, Berndt C, Mienert J, Masson D (2009) P-cable high-resolution seismic. Oceanography 22:85. https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2009.09
SEG Technical Standards Committee (2017) SEG-Y_r2.0: SEG-Y revision 2.0 data exchange format. SEG. https://seg.org/Portals/0/SEG/News%20and%20Resources/Technical%20Standards/seg_y_rev2_0-mar2017.pdf. Accessed 29 Sep 2021
Shin J, Kim H, Kim W, Kang D, Kim C, Park C, Jeong J (2020) Seismic imaging offshore Pohang using small-boat ultra-high-resolution 3D seismic survey. J Seismic Explor 29:125–138
Simpkin PG (2005) The boomer sound source as a tool for shallow water geophysical exploration. Mar Geophys Res 26:171–181. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-005-3716-7
Verbeek NH (1995) Aspects of high resolution marine seismics. University of Utrecht, Utrecht
Wardell N, Diviacco P, Sinceri R (2002) 3D pre-processing techniques for marine VHR seismic data. First Break 20:457–466. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2397.2002.00291.x
Yilmaz Ö (2001) Seismic data analysis. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, Tulsa
Yoon SH, Sohn YK, Chough SK (2014) Tectonic, sedimentary, and volcanic evolution of a back-arc basin in the East Sea (Sea of Japan). Mar Geol 352:70–88. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.margeo.2014.03.004
Yoon SH, Chough SK (1995) Regional strike slip in the eastern continental margin of Korea and its tectonic implications for the evolution of Ulleung Basin, East Sea (Sea of Japan). Geol Soc Am Bull 107:83–97. https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1995)107%3c0083:RSSITE%3e2.3.CO;2
Acknowledgements
We sincerely thank the editor and reviewers for taking the time to review our manuscript and providing constructive feedback. This work was supported by the Basic Research Project (21-3313) of the Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources (KIGAM) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT of Korea.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Shin, J., Ha, J., Kang, NK. et al. Development of a portable 3D seismic survey system for nearshore surveys and the first case study offshore Pohang, South Korea. Mar Geophys Res 42, 34 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-021-09453-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11001-021-09453-x