Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Design and modelling methodology for a new magnetorheological damper featuring a multi-stage circumferential flow mode

  • Published:
International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Combining a multi-stage circumferential flow mode in external valves, novel magnetorheological (MR) dampers have been devised by authors. For characterizing specific advantages generated by the combination of metal materials, magnetic field, non-Newton fluid and structure issues, a composite method including mathematical models and finite element models will be explained gradually. Therefore, beginning with mathematical models of magnetic field in an external valve, magnetic flux densities of circumferential channels at different currents can be obtained firstly. Secondly, establishing a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model, associations between viscosity of magnetorheological fluid and pressure drops as well as flow rates will be revealed effectively. Finally, considering pressure drops along the entire flow path including an external valve, mathematical models for characterizing damping behaviors can be achieved, and numerical results will be also available based on two kinds of mathematical models and data of a CFD model. Further reflecting through simulated and experimental results, these dampers would be applied in diverse fields with a wide range of adjustment, the small energy consumption and a good versatility.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15
Fig. 16
Fig. 17
Fig. 18
Fig. 19
Fig. 20
Fig. 21

Similar content being viewed by others

Data availability

All data, models, and code generated or used during the study appear in the submitted article.

References

  • Abd Fatah, A.Y., Mazlan, S.A., Koga, T., Zamzuri, H., Zeinali, M., Imaduddin, F.: A review of design and modeling of magnetorheological valve. Int. J. Modern Phys. B 29(04), 1530004 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abd Fatah, A.Y., Mazlan, S.A., Koga, T., Zamzuri, H., Imaduddin, F.: Design of magnetorheological valve using serpentine flux path method. International Journal of Applied Electromagnetics Mechanics 50(1), 29–44 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ahamed, R., Ferdaus, M.M., Li, Y.: Advancement in energy harvesting magneto-rheological fluid damper: A review. Korea-Australia Rheology J. 28(4), 355–379 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Aydar, G., Wang, X., Gordaninejad, F.: A novel two-way-controllable magneto-rheological fluid damper. Smart Mater. Struct. 19(6), 065024 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Azar, B.F., Veladi, H., Raeesi, F., Talatahari, S.: Control of the nonlinear building using an optimum inverse TSK model of MR damper based on modified grey wolf optimizer. Eng. Struct. 214, 110657 (2020)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bagherkhani, A., Baghlani, A.: Structure-MR damper reliability analysis using weighted uniform simulation method. Paper presented at the Structures (2020).

  • Bai, X.-X., Hu, W., Wereley, N.M.: Magnetorheological damper utilizing an inner bypass for ground vehicle suspensions. IEEE Trans. Magn. 49(7), 3422–3425 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bhardawaj, S., Sharma, R.C., Sharma, S.K.: Development of multibody dynamical using MR damper based semi-active bio-inspired chaotic fruit fly and fuzzy logic hybrid suspension control for rail vehicle system. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part k: J. Multi-Body Dyn. 234(4), 723–744 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bozorgvar, M., Zahrai, S.M.: Semi-active seismic control of buildings using MR damper and adaptive neural-fuzzy intelligent controller optimized with genetic algorithm. J. Vibration Control 25(2), 273–285 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brauer, J.R.: Magnetic Actuators and Sensors. Wiley, New York (2006)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Browne, A.L., Ulicny, J.C., Namuduri, C.S., Johnson, N.L., Wereley, N.M., Choi, Y.T., Hu, W., Mao, M..: Bi-fold valve-type magnetorheological fluid energy absorbing device. In: Google Patents (2011).

  • Carlson, J.D.: MR fluids and devices in the real world. Int. J. Modern Phys. B 19(07n09), 1463–1470 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carlson, J. D., Chrzan, M. J.: Magnetorheological fluid dampers. In: Google Patents (1994).

  • Chen, P. C., Wereley, N.: Magnetorheological damper and energy dissipation method. In: Google Patents (2004).

  • Desai, R.M., Jamadar, M.E.H., Kumar, H., Joladarashi, S., Raja Sekaran, S.: Design and experimental characterization of a twin-tube MR damper for a passenger van. J. Brazilian Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 41(8), 1–21 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Desai, R.M., Jamadar, M.E.H., Kumar, H., Joladarashi, S., Rajasekaran, S., Amarnath, G.: Evaluation of a commercial MR damper for application in semi-active suspension. SN Appl. Sci. 1(9), 1–10 (2019b)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dixon, J.C.: The Shock Absorber Handbook. Wiley, New York (2008)

    Google Scholar 

  • Du, H., Li, W., Zhang, N.: Semi-active variable stiffness vibration control of vehicle seat suspension using an MR elastomer isolator. Smart Mater. Struct. 20(10), 105003 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dutta, S., Choi, S.-B.: A nonlinear kinematic and dynamic modeling of Macpherson suspension systems with a magneto-rheological damper. Smart Mater. Struct. 25(3), 035003 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Facey, W. B., Rosenfeld, N. C., Choi, Y.-T., Wereley, N. M., Choi, S. B., Chen, P.: Design and testing of a compact magnetorheological damper for high impulsive loads. In: Electrorheological Fluids And Magnetorheological Suspensions (Ermr 2004) (pp. 638–644): World Scientific (2005).

  • Farjoud, A., Ahmadian, M., Craft, M., Burke, W.: Nonlinear modeling and experimental characterization of hydraulic dampers: effects of shim stack and orifice parameters on damper performance. Nonlinear Dyn. 67(2), 1437–1456 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gavin, H., Hoagg, J., Dobossy, M.: Optimal design of MR dampers. In: Paper Presented at the Proceedings of the US-Japan Workshop on Smart Structures for Improved Seismic Performance in Urban Regions (2001).

  • Gołdasz, J., Sapiński, B.: Insight into Magnetorheological Shock Absorbers. Springer, Berlin (2015)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Goncalves, F.D., Ahmadian, M., Carlson, J.: Investigating the magnetorheological effect at high flow velocities. Smart Mater. Struct. 15(1), 75 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goncalves, F.D., Koo, J.-H., Ahmadian, M.: A review of the state of the art in magnetorheological fluid technologies–Part I: MR fluid and MR fluid models. The Shock Vibration Digest 38(3), 203–220 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goncalves, F.D.: Characterizing the behavior of magnetorheological fluids at high velocities and high shear rates. Virginia Tech. (2005).

  • Guo, C., Gong, X., Zong, L., Peng, C., Xuan, S.: Twin-tube-and bypass-containing magneto-rheological damper for use in railway vehicles. Proc. Inst. Mech. Eng. Part f: J. Rail Rapid Transit 229(1), 48–57 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hu, G., Liu, F., Xie, Z., Xu, M.: Design, analysis, and experimental evaluation of a double coil magnetorheological fluid damper. Shock Vibration (2016).

  • Huang, H., Liu, T., Sun, L.: Multi-mode cable vibration control using MR damper based on nonlinear modeling. Smart Struct. Syst. Int. J. 23(6), 565–577 (2019)

    Google Scholar 

  • Imaduddin, F., Mazlan, S.A., Rahman, M.A.A., Zamzuri, H., Ichwan, B.: A high performance magnetorheological valve with a meandering flow path. Smart Mater. Struct. 23(6), 065017 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imaduddin, F., Mazlan, S.A., Zamzuri, H., Yazid, I.I.M.: Design and performance analysis of a compact magnetorheological valve with multiple annular and radial gaps. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 26(9), 1038–1049 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Imaduddin, F., Mazlan, S.A., Idris, M.H., Bahiuddin, I.: Characterization and modeling of a new magnetorheological damper with meandering type valve using neuro-fuzzy. J. King Saud Univ.-Sci. 29(4), 468–477 (2017)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jolly, M.R., Bender, J.W., Carlson, J.D.: Properties and applications of commercial magnetorheological fluids. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 10(1), 5–13 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jung, H.-J., Spencer, B., Jr., Ni, Y., Lee, I.: State-of-the-art of semiactive control systems using MR fluid dampers in civil engineering applications. Struct. Eng. Mech. 17(3–4), 493–526 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kelso, S.P.: Experimental characterization of commercially practical magnetorheological fluid damper technology. Paper presented at the Smart Structures and Materials 2001: Industrial and Commercial Applications of Smart Structures Technologies (2001).

  • Kim, K., Chen, Z., Yu, D., Rim, C.: Design and experiments of a novel magneto-rheological damper featuring bifold flow mode. Smart Mater. Struct. 25(7), 075004 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lau, Y.K., Liao, W.H.: Design and analysis of magnetorheological dampers for train suspension. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part F. J. Rail Rapid Transit. 219(4), 261–276 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lau, Y., Liao, W.: Pressurized magnetorheological fluid dampers. In: Google Patents (2007).

  • Lee, Y.H.: Introduction to Engineering Electromagnetics. Springer, Berlin (2013)

    Book  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Lee, D., Nam, Y., Yamane, R., Park, M.: Performance evaluation on vibration control of MR landing gear. In: Paper Presented at the Journal of Physics: Conference Series (2009).

  • Li, Z., Zhang, X., Guo, K., Ahmadian, M., Liu, Y.: A novel squeeze mode based magnetorheological valve: design, test and evaluation. Smart Mater. Struct. 25(12), 127003 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liao, C., Yu, M., Chen, W., Zhang, H., Huang, S.: Study on design theory for magnetorheological fluid damper using Eyring constitutive relationship and experimental test. Jixie Gongcheng Xuebao 41(10), 132–136 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Liao, C., Zhao, D., Xie, L., Liu, Q.: A design methodology for a magnetorheological fluid damper based on a multi-stage radial flow mode. Smart Mater. Struct. 21(8), 085005 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mao, M., Hu, W., Choi, Y.-T., Wereley, N.M.: A magnetorheological damper with bifold valves for shock and vibration mitigation. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 18(12), 1227–1232 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Munson, B.R., Young, D.F., Okiishi, T.H., Huebsch, W.W.: Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics. Wiley, USA (2006)

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Nehl, T. W., Alexandridis, A. A., Foister, R. T., Kruckemeyer, W. C., Deng, F. (2012). Magnetorheological fluid-based device having a magnetorheological piston assembly. In: Google Patents (2012)

  • Peng, Y., Zhang, Z.: Optimal MR damper–based semiactive control scheme for strengthening seismic capacity and structural reliability. J. Eng. Mech. 146(6), 04020045 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • Poynor, J. C.: Innovative designs for magneto-rheological dampers. Virginia Tech (2001)

  • Raeesi, F., Azar, B. F., Veladi, H., Talatahari, S.: An inverse TSK model of MR damper for vibration control of nonlinear structures using an improved grasshopper optimization algorithm. Paper presented at the Structures (2020)

  • Raja, P.: Design and development of a compressible magneto-rheological damper: University of Nevada, Reno (2009)

  • Robin, N.: Twin-tube magnetorheological damper. In: EP (2008)

  • Sassi, S., Cherif, K., Mezghani, L., Thomas, M., Kotrane, A.: An innovative magnetorheological damper for automotive suspension: from design to experimental characterization. Smart Mater. Struct. 14(4), 811 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spelta, C., Previdi, F., Savaresi, S.M., Fraternale, G., Gaudiano, N.: Control of magnetorheological dampers for vibration reduction in a washing machine. Mechatronics 19(3), 410–421 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Unsal, M.: Semi-active vibration control of a parallel platform mechanism using magnetorheological damping: University of Florida (2006).

  • Wang, D., Liao, W.: Semi-active suspension systems for railway vehicles using magnetorheological dampers. Part I: system integration and modelling. Vehicle Syst. Dyn. 47(11), 1305–1325 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wang, D., Liao, W.H.: Magnetorheological fluid dampers: a review of parametric modelling. Smart Mater. Struct. 20(2), 023001 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wereley, N. M., Hu, W., Kothera, C. S., Chen, P. C.-H., Ngatu, G. T.: Magnetorheological fluid elastic lag damper for helicopter rotors. In: Google Patents (2013).

  • Yang, G., Spencer, B., Jr., Carlson, J., Sain, M.: Large-scale MR fluid dampers: modeling and dynamic performance considerations. Eng. Struct. 24(3), 309–323 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yazid, I. I. M., Mazlan, S. A., Zamzuri, H., Mughni, M., Chuprat, S.: Parameters consideration in designing a magnetorheological damper. Paper presented at the Key Engineering Materials (2013).

  • Yuan, X., Guo, K.: Modelling and analysis for a pilot relief valve using CFD method and deformation theory of thin plates. Sci. China Technol. Sci. 58(6), 979–998 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, X., Tian, T., Ling, H., Qiu, T.: A New model for characterizing nonlinear hysteresis of magnetorheological fluid damper. Int. J. Acoustics Vibration 24(4), 784–791 (2019a)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yuan, X., Tian, T., Ling, H., Qiu, T., He, H.: A review on structural development of magnetorheological fluid damper. Shock vibration (2019b).

  • Zheng F.M.: Design of pump-type magnetorheological damper and its simulation application in automobile. Jinlin University (2014)

  • Zhou, Y.-F., Chen, H.-L.: Study on damping properties of magnetorheological damper. Front. Mech. Eng. China 1(4), 452–455 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, X., Jing, X., Cheng, L.: Magnetorheological fluid dampers: a review on structure design and analysis. J. Intell. Mater. Syst. Struct. 23(8), 839–873 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhu, H., Rui, X., Yang, F., Zhu, W., Wei, M.: An efficient parameters identification method of normalized Bouc-Wen model for MR damper. J. Sound Vib. 448, 146–158 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zong, L.-H., Gong, X.-L., Xuan, S.-H., Guo, C.-Y.: Semi-active H∞ control of high-speed railway vehicle suspension with magnetorheological dampers. Veh. Syst. Dyn. 51(5), 600–626 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Funding

The authors gratefully acknowledge that the work described here was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51605149) and Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province (No. 2021CFB592). The entire design work was also supported by Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Scientific Innovation Team of  Colleges and Universities of Hubei Province (Key technology and industrialization of the new suspension system, No. T201913). This work about shim valves was also sponsored by an initiation fund for doctoral research (No. BK201608) funded by Hubei University of Automotive Technology. Authors also thank that the work was also supported by an Innovation Fund Project (No. 2015XTZX0402) funded by Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology as well as Key Laboratory of Automotive Power Train and Electronics (Hubei University of Automotive Technology) and the Open Fund Project (No.ZDK1201604) sponsored by Key Laboratory of Automotive Power Train and Electronics (Hubei University of Automotive Technology).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Automotive Engineering, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, People’s Republic of China

    Xianju Yuan, Tianyu Qiu & Tianyu Tian

  2. Key Laboratory of Automotive Power Train and Electronics, Hubei University of Automotive Technology, Shiyan, 442002, People’s Republic of China

    Xianju Yuan

Authors
  1. Xianju Yuan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Tianyu Qiu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Tianyu Tian
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Xianju Yuan.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. Tianyu Qiu and Tianyu Tian contributed equally to this article, and they are co-second authors.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Springer Nature or its licensor holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Yuan, X., Qiu, T. & Tian, T. Design and modelling methodology for a new magnetorheological damper featuring a multi-stage circumferential flow mode. Int J Mech Mater Des 18, 785–806 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10999-022-09607-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10999-022-09607-8

Keywords

Search

Navigation