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Large felid habitat connectivity in the transboundary Dawna-Tanintharyi landscape of Myanmar and Thailand

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Abstract

Context

Maintaining landscape connectivity for large felids by preserving and restoring corridors between core habitats is crucial to their long-term conservation. Tiger, leopard, and clouded leopard populations occur in isolated habitat patches across the Dawna-Tanintharyi Landscape (DTL) of Kawthoolei (all Karen National Union administrative areas in Myanmar) and Thailand.

Objectives

We analyzed connectivity among 18 habitat patches in this transboundary region based on large felid presence and expert opinion of large felid dispersal requirements.

Methods

Least-cost corridor and circuit theory analyses were used to identify corridors, determine corridor quality and their relative importance to connectivity in the landscape, and pinpoint bottlenecks to movement.

Results

Forty-eight corridors were identified. Lower resistances to dispersal were in forested montane areas. High-quality corridors remained in the northern DTL and south of Tanintharyi Nature Reserve in Kawthoolei based on cost-weighted distance to least-cost path ratio. Pairwise current pinch point analyses revealed a possible landscape level bottleneck to movement north of Thailand’s Western Forest Complex. Area corrected centrality scores indicated smaller habitat patches disproportionately contributed to landscape connectivity.

Conclusions

The DTL may retain connectivity across the landscape if conservation actions are taken to protect integral habitats and corridors. Conservation efforts that expand the protected area network in Kawthoolei, either by increasing the size of current protected area habitats or by demarcating new protected areas in regions with confirmed felid presence, will aid DTL connectivity. The DTL should be managed to preserve connectivity on both sides of the border, entailing international governmental, indigenous community, and non-governmental collaboration.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the Karen Environmental and Social Action Network and the Kawthoolei Forestry Department for their field work efforts and general support in the development of this manuscript. This work was supported by the International Union for Conservation of Nature.

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  1. Karen Wildlife Conservation Initiative, 10A Dunford St, Willagee, WA, 6156, Australia

    Evan Greenspan, Clara Montgomery, Demelza Stokes & Saw Sha Bwe Moo

  2. Kawthoolei Forestry Department, 108 M.5 T. Sanpranet, Sansai, Chiang Mai, 50210, Thailand

    Seree Wantai

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  1. Evan Greenspan
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Correspondence to Evan Greenspan.

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Greenspan, E., Montgomery, C., Stokes, D. et al. Large felid habitat connectivity in the transboundary Dawna-Tanintharyi landscape of Myanmar and Thailand. Landscape Ecol 36, 3187–3205 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10980-021-01316-5

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