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Study on the flow and heat transfer performance of nanofluid in a novel manifold microchannel heat sink combining trapezoidal cross-section and curved corners

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Abstract

The manifold microchannel heat sink (MMCHS) has been widely used in the field of electronic device cooling due to its high heat dissipation ability. In order to further reduce the flow resistance and improve the heat transfer performance of the microchannel, this paper proposes a novel MMCHS combining trapezoidal cross-section and curved corners and referred to as TC-MMCHS. Al2O3-water nanofluid was used as the coolant. The impacts of the channel cross-sectional shapes, curved corners, trapezoidal structure parameters, and nanoparticle volume fraction on the flow and heat transfer performance of MMCHS were numerically studied. The results showed that, for the same pumping power, compared with the four MMCHS structures, the trapezoidal flat MMCHS (TF-MMCHS) has the lowest thermal resistance and entropy generation, and therefore it exhibits the highest overall performance. The introduction of curved corners significantly reduces the flow resistance, and compared with TF-MMCHS, the pumping power of TC-MMCHS decreases by up to 11.33%. When the bottom angle is equal to 78.7°, the heat transfer characteristics and irreversible losses of TC-MMCHS reach their optimal values. The increase of the channel width is not conducive to the improvement of heat transfer characteristics. However, it can significantly decrease the pumping power by 69.85%. Compared with the conventional MMCHS which uses deionized water as coolant, the introduction of Al2O3–water nanofluid into TC-MMCHS reduces the thermal resistance and entropy generation by 14.22% and 12.36%, respectively. This significantly improves its heat transfer characteristics and reduces irreversible losses.

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No data were used for the research described in the article.

Abbreviations

A :

The heated surface area (m2)

c p :

Specific heat capacity (J kg−1 K−1)

D :

Hydraulic diameter (μm)

d :

Diameter (μm)

H :

Height (μm)

H S :

Height of the base (μm)

h :

Enthalpy

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

L :

Length (μm)

M :

Molecular mass of water (g mol−1)

m :

Total mass flow rate (kg s−1)

O :

Avogadro constant

P :

Pressure (Pa)

P P :

Pumping power (W)

Q :

Total heat flux (W)

q :

Heat flux (W cm−2)

R t :

Thermal resistance (K W−1)

Re:

Reynolds number

r :

Radii of the curved corners (μm)

S gen :

Total entropy generation (W K−1)

s :

Entropy (W K−1)

T :

Temperature (K)

T bm :

The maximum temperature of substrate (K)

u :

Velocity (m s−1)

V :

Total volume flow rate (m3 s−1)

W :

Width (μm)

\(\alpha\) :

Bottom angle of the trapezoid (°)

\(\rho\) :

Density (kg m−3)

\(\mu\) :

Dynamic viscosity (Pa s)

φ :

Volume fraction of nanoparticles

a :

Top of channel

b :

Bottom of channel

c :

Trapezoidal channel

f :

Fin

l :

Fluid

m :

Manifold

s :

Solid

bl:

Basic fluid

in:

Inlet

nl:

Nanofluid

np:

Nanoparticle

out:

Outlet

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.52306194) and Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation (No.2308085ME176).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China

    Zhiguo Tang, Ran Sun, Kuan Lu & Jianping Cheng

  2. School of Automotive and Transportation Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, Anhui, China

    Pei Zhou

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  1. Zhiguo Tang
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  2. Ran Sun
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  3. Kuan Lu
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  4. Jianping Cheng
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Contributions

Zhiguo Tang performed conceptualization, methodology, investigation, formal analysis, and writing—original draft. Ran Sun performed data curation, writing—original draft, and reviewing manuscript. Kuan Lu provided investigation and validation. Jianping Cheng approved investigation, supervision resources, and methodology. Pei Zhou conducted validation and reviewing manuscript.

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Correspondence to Jianping Cheng or Pei Zhou.

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Tang, Z., Sun, R., Lu, K. et al. Study on the flow and heat transfer performance of nanofluid in a novel manifold microchannel heat sink combining trapezoidal cross-section and curved corners. J Therm Anal Calorim (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13268-4

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