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Enhanced pool boiling heat transfer characteristics on microstructured copper surfaces coated with hybrid nanofluid

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Abstract

High heat flux devices necessitate efficient heat dissipation systems, with pool boiling emerging as a promising method. Leveraging advancements in nanoscience, this study investigates the enhancement of heater surface characteristics for pool boiling through experimental means. Three bare copper surfaces are coated with a hybrid nanofluid comprising copper-based carboxylic functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes and distilled water at concentrations of 0.3, 0.6, and 1.0 mass% using the spin coating technique. Contact angle measurements reveal superhydrophilicity across all surfaces, ranging from 14° to 7°. The 1.0 mass% coated surface exhibits significant improvements in boiling heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux, reaching 143 W m−2 K−1 and 2206 W m−2 K−1, respectively, representing increments of 324% and 204%. Visualization of bubble dynamics demonstrates enhanced surface roughness and active nucleation sites, leading to early bubble detachment under low heat flux conditions. Bubble sizes ranging from 0.6 to 1.6 mm indicate smaller diameters compared to bare copper surfaces, facilitating rapid heat dissipation due to more nucleation sites and proper nanofluid adhesion. The microporous surfaces prepared exhibit exceptional performance, offering potential applications in boilers, heat pipes, and various heat transfer systems.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their gratitude to the National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh for their invaluable support in facilitating the experimental setup and funding for procuring the necessary materials to conduct the experiment. Furthermore, the authors would like to acknowledge the Central Instrumentation Centre (CIC) at Tripura University for their prompt analysis of SEM images.

Funding

The authors acknowledge funding from the National Institute of Technology Arunachal Pradesh for procurement of the necessary materials to conduct the experiment.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Arunachal Pradesh, Jote, Arunachal Pradesh, 791113, India

    N. Rahul, Sanjib Kalita & Dipak Sen

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Techno College of Engineering Agartala, Agartala, Tripura, 799004, India

    Pulak Sen

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Agartala, Agartala, Tripura, 799046, India

    Biresh Shil

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Contributions

NR contributed to the conceptualization, methodology, validation, investigation, visualization, and writing—original draft preparation. SK was involved in the investigation, formal analysis, and writing—reviewing and editing. PS assisted in the formal analysis and writing—reviewing and editing. BS contributed to the investigation, formal analysis, and writing—reviewing and editing. DS was involved in the conceptualization, supervision, and writing—reviewing and editing.

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Correspondence to Dipak Sen.

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Rahul, N., Kalita, S., Sen, P. et al. Enhanced pool boiling heat transfer characteristics on microstructured copper surfaces coated with hybrid nanofluid. J Therm Anal Calorim (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-13033-7

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