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Thermo-hydraulic performance investigation of triple-tube heat exchanger with MXene-based various shape hybrid nanofluids

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Abstract

The present investigations theoretically explored MXene-based dissimilar-shaped nanoparticle (CuO spherical, MWCNT cylindrical, Al2O3 blade, graphene platelet, and Fe3O4 brick shapes) hybrid nanofluids by 1% v/v, in a triple-tube heat exchanger (TTHX). The shape and surface effect thermophysical properties of nanofluids have been specified using a user-defined function. The operating fluid mass flow rate and temperature of inner (water), intermediate (hybrid nanofluids), and outer tubes(water) are 0.1kg s−1 at 30 ºC, 0.1–0.5kg s−1 at 70◦C, and 0.1kg −1s at 20 ºC, respectively. The comparative thermal performance (effectiveness, heat transfer, thermal enhancement factor, London factor, etc.), exergetic analysis (entropy production, exergy destruction, etc.), and cost–benefit ratio (CBR) have been explored. MXene-spherical hybrid nanofluid is 5.16% more efficient than water at 0.1kg s−1 in the TTHX system. MXene-cylindrical hybrid nanofluid exhibits 11.23% and 12.69% better heat transfer and performance index than DI water at the lowest mass flow rate in the TTHX system. MXene-platelet hybrid nanofluids show a reduced Nusselt number ratio for the tested mass flow rates. Entropy generation in MXene-cylindrical hybrid nanofluid is 24.11% lower than in DI water.The highest thermal performance factor (TPF) of MXene-cylindrical hybrid nanofluid in the TTHX is 1.65. The MXene-cylindrical hybrid nanofluid is the most economical in the TTHX system, followed by the MXene-brick hybrid nanofluid. Overall, Mxene-cylindrical hybrid nanofluids perform best in the TTHX system in terms of heat transfer rate, TPF, and CBR in the TTHX system.

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Abbreviations

\(\varepsilon\) :

Effectiveness

Q :

Heat transfer rate (W)

C :

Heat capacity rate (J K−1)

Nu:

Nusselt number

Pr:

Prandtl number

Re:

Reynolds number

Ṡ gen :

Entropy generation (W K−1)

T :

Temperature (K)

μ :

Dynamic viscosity (Pa s)

φ :

Volume fraction

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

\({c}_{{\text{p}}}\) :

Specific heat (J kg−1 K−1)

m :

Mass flow rate (kg s−1)

h:

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 k−1)

D :

Diameter of tube (m)

R :

Radius of tube (m)

TTHX:

Tripletube heat exchanger

hnf:

Hybrid nanofluid

N :

Heat transfer unit

k :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

N s :

Entropy generation number

bf:

Base fluid

hnf:

Hybrid nanofluid

i :

Inlet

o:

Outlet

N:

Normal

c:

Cold

1,2,3:

Inner, intermediate, and outer tube

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, IIT (BHU), Varanasi, 221005, India

    Sunil Kumar Gaur, Rashmi Rekha Sahoo & Jahar Sarkar

Authors
  1. Sunil Kumar Gaur
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  2. Rashmi Rekha Sahoo
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  3. Jahar Sarkar
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Correspondence to Rashmi Rekha Sahoo.

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Gaur, S.K., Sahoo, R.R. & Sarkar, J. Thermo-hydraulic performance investigation of triple-tube heat exchanger with MXene-based various shape hybrid nanofluids. J Therm Anal Calorim 149, 3071–3084 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-024-12887-1

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