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Effect of magnetic field and magnetic nanofluid on heat transmission improvement in a curved minichannel

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Abstract

This study presents an analysis of heat transmission and magnetic nanofluid flow in a minichannel with corrugated upper wall and exposed to a magnetic field. Choice of this geometry allows an improvement of heat transfer contrary to that of rectangular shape. This study is developed to complete the existing ones in the literature. In this two-dimensional study, flow is supposed to be laminar, and the chosen fluid is Fe3O4-water magnetic nanofluid which is used as cooling fluid. For this nanofluid, two volume fractions (0.6, 1%) were used. Several simulations were conducted for a series of Reynolds numbers which vary between 150 and 210 and magnetic field strengths which take values ranging from 0 up to 1400 G for two chosen configurations (a source located at 15 mm and two sources located, respectively, at 7.5 and 15 mm). The results obtained show that magnetic nanofluid subjected to a magnetic field seems as an active vortex generator which modifies the flow structure, allowing a good mixing of the fluid and consequently an improvement in heat transmission. For selected values of magnetic field intensities, an improvement in heat transmission was observed followed by a reduction in pressure drop. This is due to the separation of the fluid from the lower wall which reduces the friction effect. Rise in volume fraction does not modify the flow structure, and it allows an enhancement in heat transfer. According to results obtained, we note a maximum of 10.21% enhancement of heat transmission in the case of a source located at 15 mm and a maximum of 27.44% of improvement of heat transmission in in the case of application of two sources for the case where the volume fraction is equal 1%. With this study, we can locate the correct position of the magnets allowing a good heat transfer rate.

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Abbreviations

B:

Magnetic flux density (Gauss)

Cp:

Specific heat (J kg−1 K−1)

D:

Hydraulic diameter (m)

F k :

Magnetic body force (N m−3)

h :

Convection heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

\({\vec H}\) :

Magnetic field intensity (A m−1)

\({\vec H_0}\) :

Characteristic magnetic field strength (A m−1)

\(k\) :

Thermal conductivity (W m−1 K−1)

L :

Channel length (m)

\({\vec M}\) :

Magnetization (A m−1)

Mn:

Magnetic number

Nu:

Nusselt number

P :

Pressure drop (Pa)

Pr:

Prandtl number

\(q^{\prime\prime}\) :

Heat flux (W m−2)

Re:

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature (K)

u, v :

Velocity components (m s−1)

U, V :

Nondimensional velocity

x ,y :

Directions

\(\rho\) :

Density (kg.m−3)

\(\beta\) :

Coefficient of thermal expansion (K−1)

\(\mu\) :

Dynamic viscosity (kg m−1 s−1)

\({\mu_0}\) :

Permeability of free space (4π × 10−7 N A−2)

\(\phi\) :

Volume fraction (%)

\(\theta\) :

Nondimensional temperature

\({\chi_\text{m}}\) :

Magnetic susceptibility

\({\chi_0}\) :

Differential magnetic Susceptibility (0.06)

\({\tau_{\text{ij}}}\) :

Stress matrix

\({\delta_{\text{ij}}}\) :

Kronecker delta

b:

Bulk

f:

Fluid

in:

Inlet

nf:

Nanofluid

s:

Nanoparticle

w:

Bottom surface

0:

Reference

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Matter Sciences, Applied Energetic Physics Laboratory (LPEA), University of Batna 1, 05000, Batna, Algeria

    Imene Rahmoune & Saadi Bougoul

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  1. Imene Rahmoune
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Correspondence to Saadi Bougoul.

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Rahmoune, I., Bougoul, S. Effect of magnetic field and magnetic nanofluid on heat transmission improvement in a curved minichannel. J Therm Anal Calorim 149, 729–744 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12707-y

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