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Nanofluid nucleate boiling assessment on heating surfaces: a comprehensive study

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Abstract

In this investigation, an experimental study was conducted using different nanofluids to analyze nucleate pool boiling at saturated conditions. An experimental setup was developed to investigate the effect of heating surface characteristics and nanofluids on the heat transfer coefficient. Pool boiling tests were performed using deionized water as well as the Fe2O3-water and Al2O3-water nanofluids. Two copper heating surfaces, smooth and rough, were used in this investigation. By examining experimental data and surface characteristics before and after pool boiling, researchers investigated the effect of surface/nanofluid interaction and the impact of nanoparticle deposition on the heating surface. The present work investigates the impact of surface roughness and nanoparticle deposition on heat transfer during nucleate pool boiling using different nanofluids. The experimental data and surface characteristics before and after boiling were examined to evaluate the effect of surface/nanofluid interaction on heat transfer. This investigation examined how surface roughness and nanoparticle deposition impact heat transfer during boiling. It is found that the rough surface increased HTC by 48% compared to the smooth surface. Al2O3-water and Fe2O3-water nanofluids increased HTC by 52% and 62%, respectively, for low-concentration nanofluids on the smooth surface. The alumina nanofluid had a slight increase of 15% in HTC up to 400 W(m2K)−1, while the maghemite nanofluid had an HTC lower than water. For the rough surface and low-concentration nanofluids tested, HTC increased by 21% for alumina and 9% for maghemite up to 300 W(m2K)−1, followed by a decrease for higher heat fluxes. It is concluded that rough surfaces with active nucleation sites have a significant impact on HTC during boiling. Images showed that the rough surface had more steam bubbles compared to the smooth surface, indicating more active nucleation sites.

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Abbreviations

C sf :

Fluid surface coefficient (–)

c p :

Heat specific to constant pressure (Jkg−1·K]

RS:

Rough surface

SS:

Smooth surface

LC:

Low concentration

HC:

High concentration

dp:

Average nanoparticle diameter (m)

g :

Acceleration of gravity (ms−2)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (Wm−2 K)

h lv :

Latent heat of vaporization (Jkg−1)

k :

Thermal conductivity (Wm−1·K)

k b :

Thermal conductivity of the base fluid (Wm−1·K)

k c :

Thermal conductivity of copper (Wm−1·K)

k nf :

Thermal conductivity of nanofluid (Wm−1·K)

k p :

Thermal conductivity of the nanoparticle (Wm−1·K)

L :

Distance between thermocouples (m)

Pr:

Prandtl number

q″ :

Heat flow (Wm−2)

q′ :

Average heat flux measured (Wm−2)

R :

Electrical resistance (Q)

r :

Roughness factor (–)

R c :

Cavity radius (m)

R nd :

Rugosidade adimensional (–), definido pela Eq. (19)

T sat :

Temperatura de saturacao do fluido (K)

T p :

Surface temperature (K)

u :

Experimental uncertainty

vol%:

% By volume of nanoparticles in the base fluid (–)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Dhanalakshmi Srinivasan College of Engineering, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, India

    Vetrivel Kumar Kandasamy

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Annapoorana Engineering College, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India

    Silambarasan Rajendran

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, SSM Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 624 002, India

    S. Joseph Dominic Vijayakumar

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, NPR College of Engineering and Technology, Natham, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu, 624 003, India

    S. Paul Singarayar

Authors
  1. Vetrivel Kumar Kandasamy
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  3. S. Joseph Dominic Vijayakumar
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Correspondence to Silambarasan Rajendran.

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Kandasamy, V.K., Rajendran, S., Vijayakumar, S.J.D. et al. Nanofluid nucleate boiling assessment on heating surfaces: a comprehensive study. J Therm Anal Calorim 148, 7687–7705 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-023-12252-8

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