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Experimental study combustion behavior of wallpapers under different external heat fluxes

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Abstract

Wallpapers as the main decoration materials employed in the high-rise and civil buildings will cause fire when exposed to high temperature or high excessive current, which result in the loss of property and injuries. In order to reduce the fire risk caused by wallpapers, it is necessary to develop the study of wallpaper combustion behavior under different fluxes from 20 to 50 kWm−2 with 10 increments by fire propagation apparatus. In this study, three types of wallpapers (flame-retardant, water-proof and common) are investigated to deepen our understanding of vertical combustion behavior to reduce the fire risk of building caused by wallpaper fire. The visual observation, heat release rate, mass loss, ignition time, CO and CO2 yields, and TOC during the whole combustion process were analyzed to deepen the knowledge of combustion behaviors for different kinds of wallpapers. Flame-retardant and water-proof wallpapers will crack or bubble during the burning process. Under lower external heat flux, wallpapers will form charring layers during the burning process, while at high external heat fluxes, the formed charring layers will reduce to make combustion intensity fiercer. The formed charring layer will appear after burning for 10 to 20 s to inhibit the heat from the radiation and convection of the environment into sample to decrease combustion intensity. The transformed ignition time is linear with external heat flux, and the transformed index is equal to 1, which is consistent with thermal thin material. The CO2 yield of flame-retardant and common wallpapers is similar to CO yield except water-proof wallpaper, and with the fluxes increase, the gas yield of water-proof wallpaper increases first, then decreases and finally increases.

The results and experimental data in this study can provide guidance for the fire protection department to assess the fire risk of wallpapers and ensure the safety of people in the buildings.

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Acknowledgments

This work was sponsored by Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission (Grant No. KJQN201901229 &KJQN202001213).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Chongqing, 404100, China

    Xuelin Zhang

  2. College of Safety Science and Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, 211800, China

    Zhi Wang

  3. Darptment of Supervision, The 3th Engineering., Ltd. of China Railway 22nd Bureau Group, Xiamen, 361001, China

    Meidong Chen

  4. State Key Laboratory of Fire Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China

    Tingting Qiu

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  1. Xuelin Zhang
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  2. Zhi Wang
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Correspondence to Xuelin Zhang.

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Zhang, X., Wang, Z., Chen, M. et al. Experimental study combustion behavior of wallpapers under different external heat fluxes. J Therm Anal Calorim 148, 2645–2656 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11876-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11876-6

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