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Improvement in cooling using a sinusoidal wavy surface for a turbulent dual jet: a computational study

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Abstract

A jet is used in numerous industrial applications, such as cooling systems, environmental dischargers, small chip cooling, and automobile demister. The complex nature associated with a turbulent dual jet flowing over a sinusoidal wavy surface is computationally studied by using two-dimensional steady RANS equations. The offset ratio of 3 and the number of the cycle are kept at 7, and the Reynolds number is set to 15,000. The amplitude varies from 0.1 to 0.8. Four different low-Re turbulence models, namely, the shear-stress transport (SST) k–ω model, renormalisation group k–ɛ model, realizable k–ɛ model, and standard k–ω model, are used. Based on the experimental validation, the SST k–ω model is considered for the present computational study. It is found that the heat transfer is enhanced by 34.56% for the amplitude of 0.8 compared to a plane surface. A correlation is also developed for the average Nusselt number and the maximum pressure with amplitude. The local Nusselt number rises with amplitude close to the jet exit. The results also show that the location of the maximum pressure is shifted to the wall corner and the magnitude of the maximum pressure rises with the amplitude. The positions of the merge point, upper and lower vortex centres are obtained and compared with the reported results. The similarity profiles at the positions of crest and trough show the opposite trends. The outcomes of the present analysis can be used to improve design and applications of heating or cooling jets in automobile industries, material processing, electronics, metal, etc.

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Abbreviations

a :

Nozzle width (mm)

A :

Normalised amplitude (amplitude/\(a\))

\({C}_{\mathrm{pw}}\) :

Normalised pressure coefficient

D :

Offset distance (mm)

N :

Number of cycles

\({\mathrm{Nu}}_{\mathrm{x}}\) :

Local Nusselt number

\({\mathrm{Nu}}_{\mathrm{avg}}\) :

Average Nusselt number

Re:

Reynolds number, \({U}_{0}a/\upsilon\)

U :

Normalised velocity in \(x\)-direction, \(u/{U}_{0}\)

\({U}_{\mathrm{max}}\) :

Normalised maximum streamwise velocity along with the plate

u, v :

Dimensional velocities in \(x\) and \(y\)-directions (m s−1)

\(X, Y\) :

Normalised coordinates in \(x\) and \(y\)-directions

\({Y}_{0.5}\) :

Jet half-width where (\(U\) = \({U}_{\mathrm{max}}\)/2)

OR:

Offset ratio (D/a)

avg:

Average

lvc:

Lower vortex centre

mp:

Merge point

max:

Maximum value

uvc:

Upper vortex centre

LES:

Large eddy simulation

LDA:

Laser Doppler anemometer

RSM:

Reynolds stress model

SST:

Shear-stress transport

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Mechanics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India

    Tej Pratap Singh & Anupam Dewan

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  1. Tej Pratap Singh
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  2. Anupam Dewan
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Contributions

Tej Pratap Singh was involved in conceptualisation, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, validation, visualisation, and writing—original draft. Anupam Dewan was involved in supervision and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Anupam Dewan.

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Singh, T.P., Dewan, A. Improvement in cooling using a sinusoidal wavy surface for a turbulent dual jet: a computational study. J Therm Anal Calorim 148, 2935–2947 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11695-9

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