Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Investigation of the underwater sound absorption and damping properties of polyurethane elastomer

  • Published:
Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this work, the acoustic absorption performance of polyurethane (PU) elastomer consisted of different molecular masses of polypropylene glycol (PPG), and a PU composite sample was made by adding multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) was studied. Using the acoustic pulse tube device and spectrum of dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, modulus, glass transition temperature (Tg), damping, and acoustic absorption properties of PU with different components were analyzed. The sound absorption results in the frequency range of 2–18 kHz showed that the PU_2 (PPG 2000, TDI) had good acoustic absorption properties. The average acoustic absorption coefficient of PU_2 was 0.8, and the maximum acoustic absorption coefficient was 0.95. The PU_3 (PPG 1000, TDI + 0.1 mass% MWCNT) had lower acoustic absorption properties than PU_2, while the sample had a lower acoustic reflection coefficient compared to the samples PU_1 (PPG 1000, TDI) and PU_3. The damping properties showed that, with an increase in polyether molecular mass and also with the addition of MWCNT, the maximum value of tan(δ) was increased, while the glass transition temperature Tg decreased and increased compared to PU_1, respectively. The PU samples' hardness showed that the increase in molecular mass increases the soft segment and decreases the hardness, while the PU_3 hardness is superior to PU_2.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

Abbreviations

DMTA:

Dynamic mechanical thermal analysis

FRFM:

Frequency response function method

MWCNT:

Multi-wall carbon nanotubes

PPG:

Polypropylene glycol

PU:

Polyurethane

SEM:

Scanning electron microscope

α :

Absorption coefficient

c :

Speed of acoustic waves in water, m s−1

Eʹ:

Storage modulus, MPa

Eʹʹ:

Loss modulus, MPa

H :

Transfer function between the sound pressure (P1 & P2)

k :

Wavenumber in water

i :

Distance from the farthest microphone to the sample surface

PU_1:

PPG 1000

PU_2:

PPG 2000

PU_3:

PPG 1000 + 0.1 w% MWCNT

R :

Reflection coefficient

s :

Distance between two microphones

T g :

Glass transition temperature, °C

tan(δ):

Loss factor

References

  1. Jarzynski J, Balizer E, Fedderly JJ, Lee G. Acoustic properties. Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology. 2002.

  2. Yang M, Chen S, Fu C, Sheng P. Optimal sound-absorbing structures. Mater Horiz. 2017;4(4):673–80.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Zhang X, Ying W, Yang B. Parameter estimation for class a modeled ocean ambient noise. J Eng Technol Sci. 2018;50(3):330–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Sharma GS, Skvortsov A, MacGillivray I, Kessissoglou N. Sound transmission through a periodically voided soft elastic medium submerged in water. Wave Motion. 2017;70:101–12.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Gao N, Zhang Y. A low frequency underwater metastructure composed by helix metal and viscoelastic damping rubber. J Vib Control. 2019;25(3):538–48.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Huang S-L, Lai J-Y. Structure-tensile properties of polyurethanes. Eur Polym J. 1997;33(10–12):1563–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Huang Y, Hou H, Oterkus S, Wei Z, Zhang S. Mechanical and acoustic performance prediction model for elastomers in different environmental conditions. J Acoust Soc Am. 2018;144(4):2269–80.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Jayakumari V, Shamsudeen RK, Ramesh R, Mukundan T. Modeling and validation of polyurethane based passive underwater acoustic absorber. J Acoust Soc Am. 2011;130(2):724–30.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Sperling LH. Sound and vibration damping with polymers: Basic viscoelastic definitions and concepts. Washington, DC: ACS Publications; 1990.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  10. Sun W, Yan X, Zhu X. Dynamic mechanical and underwater acoustic properties of the polyurethane/epoxy resin blend elastomers filled with macroporous poly (vinyl acetate-co-triallyl isocyanurate) resin beads. J Appl Polym Sci. 2011;122(4):2359–67.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Liu Z, Sheng M. Study on characteristics of sound absorption of underwater visco-elastic coated compound structures. Mod Appl Sci. 2009;3(1):32–41.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Shi M, Zheng J, Huang Z, Qin Y. Synthesis of polyurethane prepolymers and damping property of polyurethane/epoxy composites. Adv Sci Lett. 2011;4(3):740–4.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Sun W, Yan X, Zhu X. The synthetic kinetics and underwater acoustic absorption properties of novel epoxyurethanes and their blends with epoxy resin. Polym Bull. 2012;69(5):621–33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Verdejo R, Stämpfli R, Alvarez-Lainez M, Mourad S, Rodriguez-Perez M, Brühwiler P, et al. Enhanced acoustic damping in flexible polyurethane foams filled with carbon nanotubes. Compos Sci Technol. 2009;69(10):1564–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Wen Q-Z, Zhu J-H, Yao S-R. Study on the relationship between underwater acoustic attenuation and dynamic mechanical property of polymer materials. Gaofenzi Cailiao Kexue yu Gongcheng/Polym Mater Sci Eng. 2006;22(5):121–4.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Guo C, Zhu Q, Zheng Z, Wang X. Tetrapod-shaped ZnO whiskers reinforced polyurethane. J Polym Eng. 2007;27(5):357–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Lapčík L, Vašina M, Lapčíková B, Otyepková E, Waters KE. Investigation of advanced mica powder nanocomposite filler materials: Surface energy analysis, powder rheology and sound absorption performance. Compos B Eng. 2015;77:304–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Panigrahi S, Jog C, Munjal M. Multi-focus design of underwater noise control linings based on finite element analysis. Appl Acoust. 2008;69(12):1141–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Tay G-S, Nanbo T, Hatakeyama H, Hatakeyama T. Polyurethane composites derived from glycerol and molasses polyols filled with oil palm empty fruit bunches studied by TG and DMA. Thermochim Acta. 2011;525(1–2):190–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Doyle E. The development and use of polyurethane products. McGraw-Hill; 1971.

  21. Zhao H, Wen J, Yang H, Lv L, Wen X. Backing effects on the underwater acoustic absorption of a viscoelastic slab with locally resonant scatterers. Appl Acoust. 2014;76:48–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors gratefully acknowledge financial support from the Vice-Chancellor of Research and Technology of Arak University.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Tehran University, 4384 1-119, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Javad Sharifi

  2. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Arak University, 3848177584, Arak, Iran

    Vahab Ghalehkhondabi & Alireza Fazlali

Authors
  1. Mohammad Javad Sharifi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Vahab Ghalehkhondabi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Alireza Fazlali
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alireza Fazlali.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sharifi, M.J., Ghalehkhondabi, V. & Fazlali, A. Investigation of the underwater sound absorption and damping properties of polyurethane elastomer. J Therm Anal Calorim 147, 4113–4118 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-021-10754-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-021-10754-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation