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Pool boiling performance of aqueous Al2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids on a horizontally placed flat polished surface: an experimental investigation

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Abstract

This paper presents an experimental investigation on the pool boiling heat transfer of water containing Al2O3 and TiO2 nanoparticles at 0.01%, 0.05%, 0.1%, 0.5% and 1% mass fractions at ambient pressure. A horizontal flat polished stainless steel plate was chosen as the boiling surface. Significant improvements in the boiling heat transfer coefficient and critical heat flux were recorded up to 0.1%. However, a decrease in heat transfer performance was observed at other concentrations. The surface wettability of nanofluids was improved as the static contact angle on the boiling surface decreased with an increase in mass fraction. The roughness of the boiling surface decreased due to the development of a layer of nanoparticles on it. Al2O3–water nanofluids showed better boiling performance than TiO2–water nanofluids. Finally, the present experimental outcomes are further compared and elucidated with the published reports and developed theories. This may be effective for a better understanding of pool boiling phenomena in nanofluids.

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Abbreviations

AFM:

Atomic force microscopy

AC:

Alternating current

BHTC:

Boiling heat transfer coefficient

CHF:

Critical heat flux

CNT:

Carbon nanotubes

SDS:

Sodium dodecyl sulfate

SEM:

Scanning electron microscopy

SS:

Stainless steel

A :

Area (m2)

c :

Specific heat (J kg−1 K−1)

C sf :

Experimental constant

d :

Diameter (m)

f b :

Bubble departure frequency (s−1)

g :

Acceleration due to gravity (ms−2)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 K−1)

h fg :

Enthalpy of vaporization (J kg−1)

I :

Electric current (A)

m :

Mass (kg)

n a :

Nucleation site density (site m−2)

N c :

Number of microcavities per unit surface area

P :

Parameter

Pr:

Prandtl number

R :

Dimension less roughness parameter

R a :

Surface roughness (μm)

q :

Heat flux (W m−2)

T :

Temperature (°C)

U :

Uncertainty

V :

Voltage (V)

X :

Independent variables

ϕ :

Mass fraction (%)

γ :

Surface force (N)

λ :

Wettability parameter

θ :

Contact angle (°)

μ :

Viscosity (mPa s)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

δ :

Macrolayer thickness (m)

σ :

Surface tension (Nm−1)

AT:

Adhesion-tension

b:

Bulk

d:

Difference

bf:

Basefluid

f:

Fluid

nf:

Nanofluid

np:

Nanoparticles

r:

Ratio

sat:

Saturation

w:

Wall

n :

Experimental constant

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Acknowledgements

The authors cordially acknowledge the financial support provided by the Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS), Department of Atomic Energy, Govt. of India (Sanction No. 39/14/04/2017-BRNS/34301). The authors are also thankful for Dr. Ashok Sahoo and Dr. Ramanuj Kumar of School of Mechanical Engineering, KIIT, for their valuable inputs in surface roughness measurement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Thermal Research Laboratory (TRL), School of Mechanical Engineering, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology (Deemed to be University), Campus-8, Patia, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, 751024, India

    Sayantan Mukherjee & Purna Chandra Mishra

  2. Institute for Plasma Research (IPR), Bhat, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382428, India

    Paritosh Chaudhuri

  3. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India

    Paritosh Chaudhuri

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  1. Sayantan Mukherjee
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Correspondence to Purna Chandra Mishra.

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Mukherjee, S., Mishra, P.C. & Chaudhuri, P. Pool boiling performance of aqueous Al2O3 and TiO2 nanofluids on a horizontally placed flat polished surface: an experimental investigation. J Therm Anal Calorim 146, 415–433 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09995-z

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