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An investigation on the influence of the shape of the vortex generator on fluid flow and turbulent heat transfer of hybrid nanofluid in a channel

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Abstract

The purpose of this study is to numerically investigate flow field and turbulent heat transfer of hybrid nanofluid, water–DWCNT–TiO2 in a two-dimensional rectangular channel with triangular and semicircular vortex generators with three different heights of 1, 2 and 3 mm. For numerically modeling this study, SIMPLEC algorithm was used. Therefore, initially, the geometry of channel and the grid points were generated, and then for solving the mathematical equations via finite volume method, ANSYS Fluent was used. The results indicate that with an increase in Reynolds number and volume fraction (φ) of nanoparticles, the average Nusselt number increases. Also, with an increase in the φ, the pressure loss in the channel increases. About the geometrical shape of the vortex generators, results indicate that with using the semicircular vortex generator, average Nusselt number is higher compared to that of triangular vortex generator. Also, by investigating the performance evaluation criteria of thermal–hydraulic, which is a criterion for comparing the positive effect of the Nusselt number increase with the negative effect of pressure drop, results indicate that this criterion is higher for the semicircular vortex generator.

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Abbreviations

c P :

Specific heat capacity (J kg−1 °C)

h :

Heat transfer coefficient (W m−2 °C)

D :

The tube diameter (mm)

K :

Thermal conductivity coefficient (W m−1 °C)

β :

Height of VG (mm)

Nu:

Nusselt number (–)

Δp :

Pressure reduction penalty (Pa)

Re:

Reynolds number (–)

T :

Temperature (°C or K)

U :

Component of flow velocity (m s−1)

′:

Fluctuated of variable (m s−1)

α :

Wavy-wall amplitude (mm)

ε :

Rate of turbulent dissipation (m2 s−3)

ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

\(\mu\) :

Dynamic viscosity (N s m−2)

Av:

Average or mean

bf:

Base fluid

M:

Average or mean

np:

Nanoparticle

nf:

Nanofluid

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 51979215).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hubei Key Laboratory of Inland Shipping Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, 588 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan, China

    Yuanzhou Zheng & Haoran Yang

  2. School of Navigation, Wuhan University of Technology, 588 Youyi Avenue, Wuhan, China

    Yuanzhou Zheng & Haoran Yang

  3. Department of Chemical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arāk, Iran

    Hossein Mazaheri

  4. Mechanical Engineering Department, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran

    Alireza Aghaei

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arāk, Iran

    Namjoo Mokhtari

  6. Laboratory of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Masoud Afrand

  7. Faculty of Applied Sciences, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Masoud Afrand

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  1. Yuanzhou Zheng
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Correspondence to Masoud Afrand.

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Zheng, Y., Yang, H., Mazaheri, H. et al. An investigation on the influence of the shape of the vortex generator on fluid flow and turbulent heat transfer of hybrid nanofluid in a channel. J Therm Anal Calorim 143, 1425–1438 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09415-2

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