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Melting heat transfer in squeezing flow of basefluid (water), nanofluid (CNTs + water) and hybrid nanofluid (CNTs + CuO + water)

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Abstract

Unsteady squeezed flow of hybrid nanofluid is investigated in this analysis. Comparison of hybrid nanofluid (using CNTs + CuO) and nanofluid (using CNTs) is emphasized. Water is considered as basefluid. Melting effect and viscous dissipation describe heat transfer features. Entropy production and Bejan number are addressed. Relevant flow expressions (PDEs) are transmitted into ODEs through suitable transformations. By means of numerical method (shooting technique with RK-4 algorithm), the obtained ODEs are solved. Comparative study of basefluid (water), hybrid nanofluid (using CNTs + CuO) and nanofluid (using CNTs) is performed for impacts of involved flow parameters on entropy production rate, velocity, Bejan number and temperature. Further comparative analysis of basefluid (water), hybrid nanofluid (using CNTs + CuO) and nanofluid (using CNTs) is done through numerical evaluation of Nusselt number. Velocity of fluid intensifies for larger values of squeezing parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction for single-walled CNTs or multi-walled CNTs, melting parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction for copper oxide in case of both nanofluid and hybrid nanofluid flow. Temperature of fluid enhances with increment in Eckert number while it can be controlled via larger nanoparticle volume fraction for single-walled CNTs or multi-walled CNTs, squeezing parameter, melting parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction for copper oxide. Rate of heat transfer or Nusselt number increases with larger estimation of squeezing parameter, nanoparticle volume fraction for copper oxide, melting parameter and nanoparticle volume fraction for single-walled CNTs or multi-walled CNTs. Entropy production rate is higher for squeezing parameter, melting parameter and Eckert number. Bejan number is reduced with melting parameter while it increases for larger squeezing parameter and Eckert number. During comparative analysis, the performance of hybrid nanofluid is efficient.

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Abbreviations

u, v :

Components of velocity

x, y :

Cartesian coordinate system

μ f :

Fluid dynamic viscosity

ν f :

Kinematic fluid viscosity

ρ f :

Fluid density

k f :

Fluid thermal conductivity

α f :

Thermal diffusivity of fluid

f ′ :

Non-dimensional velocity

θ :

Non-dimensional temperature

T f :

Temperature of hot fluid

T m :

Melting surface temperature

Ecx :

Local Eckert number

CNTs:

Carbon nanotubes

SWCNTs:

Single-walled CNTs

(c p)f :

Specific heat of fluid

Pr :

Prandtl number

τ xy :

Shear stress

ϕ 1 :

CNTs volume fraction

p :

Pressure

Sq:

Squeezing parameter

M :

Melting parameter

Ec:

Eckert number

k CNT :

Thermal conductivity of CNTs

k CuO :

Thermal conductivity of CuO

MWCNTs:

Multiple-walled CNTs

CuO:

Copper oxide

ϕ 2 :

CuO volume fraction

μ hnf :

Dynamic viscosity

ν hnf :

Kinematic viscosity

ρ hnf :

Density

k hnf :

Thermal conductivity

α hnf :

Thermal diffusivity

(c p)hnf :

Specific heat

k nf :

Thermal conductivity

α nf :

Thermal diffusivity

(c p)nf :

Specific heat

μ nf :

Dynamic viscosity

ν nf :

Kinematic viscosity

ρ nf :

Density

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mathematics, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan

    Khursheed Muhammad & T. Hayat

  2. Nonlinear Analysis and Applied Mathematics (NAAM) Research Group, Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

    T. Hayat, A. Alsaedi & B. Ahmad

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  1. Khursheed Muhammad
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Correspondence to Khursheed Muhammad.

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Muhammad, K., Hayat, T., Alsaedi, A. et al. Melting heat transfer in squeezing flow of basefluid (water), nanofluid (CNTs + water) and hybrid nanofluid (CNTs + CuO + water). J Therm Anal Calorim 143, 1157–1174 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-020-09391-7

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