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Packing and properties of composite phase change energy storage materials based on SiC nanowires and Na2SO4·10H2O

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Abstract

SiC nanowires were prepared by sol–gel sintering at high temperature, then shaped and encapsulated Na2SO4·10H2O-based composite phase change energy storage materials. The properties of these materials, named PCMs-1, PCMs-3, and PCMs-5, were then investigated. The best-shaped phase change energy storage material was prepared when the content of SiC nanowires added reached 3 mass%. By scanning electron microscopy, PCMs-3 showed that SiC nanowires and Na2SO4·10H2O-based phase change materials have good compatibility with the network layer structure formed by SiC nanowires tightly wrapping the Na2SO4·10H2O-based phase change energy storage materials. The layered phenomenon of Na2SO4·10H2O-based phase change energy storage materials can be effectively reduced in this way, with increased additions of SiC nanowires reducing the degree of undercooling from 2.8 to 1, 0.5 and 0.9 °C with 1, 3 and 5 mass% SiC nanowires, respectively. The thermal conductivity of the phase change materials also improved, with conductivities of PCMs, PCMs-1, 3, 5 being 0.7812, 0.9941, 1.001 and 1.016 W m−1 K−1, respectively. By comparing the latent heat values of PCMs, PCMs-1, 3, 5 phase change energy storage materials thermally cycled 500 times, it was determined that PCMs-3 had the lowest phase change latent heat loss, effectively improving the cycle life of the phase change energy storage materials.

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Abbreviations

R c :

The critical radius of heterogeneous nucleation

γ sl :

The specific surface free energy of the interface between crystal and fluid

Ωs :

The volume of single atom

Δg :

The change of free energy caused by the transition of single atom and fluid phases to crystal phase

ΔG :

The critical nucleation work

ΔGv :

The volume free energy of crystallization

ΔGs :

The interface free energy of crystallization

θ :

The angle between liquid surface tension and solid–liquid interfacial tension

σ LB :

The surface free energy between fluid

σ SB :

The surface free energy between the crystal nucleus

σ LS :

The surface free energy between the crystal nucleus and fluid

ΔT :

Degree of undercooling (°C)

T om :

Initial dissolution temperature (°C)

T em :

Termination dissolution temperature (°C)

T oc :

Initial solidification temperature (°C)

T ec :

Termination solidification temperature (°C)

ΔHm :

Melting latent heat (J g−1)

ΔHc :

Solidification latent heat (J g−1)

λ :

Thermal conductivity at 20 °C (W m−1 K−1)

PCMs:

Na2SO4·10H2O-based composite phase change energy storage materials

PCMs-1:

SiC nanowires of 1 mass% were added in PCMs

PCMs-3:

SiC nanowires of 3 mass% were added in PCMs

PCMs-5:

SiC nanowires of 5 mass% were added in PCMs

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Funding

Funding was provided by Scientific and technological support Project of Haixi Prefecture, Qinghai Province (Grant No. 174610137100713).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, 810016, People’s Republic of China

    Jian Tie & Xiaobin Huang

  2. Qinghai University, Xining, 810016, People’s Republic of China

    Xin Liu, Shengnian Tie, Jiqing Zhang, Siyuan Jiang & Ruixin Tao

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  1. Jian Tie
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  2. Xin Liu
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  3. Shengnian Tie
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  4. Jiqing Zhang
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  7. Xiaobin Huang
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Correspondence to Shengnian Tie.

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Tie, J., Liu, X., Tie, S. et al. Packing and properties of composite phase change energy storage materials based on SiC nanowires and Na2SO4·10H2O. J Therm Anal Calorim 139, 855–862 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-019-08473-5

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