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The effect of attack angle of triangular ribs on heat transfer of nanofluids in a microchannel

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Abstract

In the present study, the effect of attack angle of triangular ribs, by using finite volume method, has been numerically studied in a two-dimensional microchannel. The cooling fluid is water/Ag nanofluid with volume fractions of 0–4% of nanoparticles, and nanoparticle diameters are 25, 50 and 75 nm. The nanofluid flow has been considered as laminar with Reynolds numbers of 5, 100 and 500. Also, the attack angles have been studied at the range of 30°–60°. In this study, the effects of variations in attack angles on triangular ribs, volume fraction of nanoparticles, nanoparticles diameter and Reynolds number have been investigated. The results indicate that using nanoparticles with smaller diameter improves heat transfer rate. Moreover, it is shown that the friction coefficient and pumping power are almost independent of nanoparticle diameter. However, increasing Reynolds number, pumping power enhancement becomes more important by increasing the volume fraction of nanoparticles. In low Reynolds numbers, the influence of ribs is approximately insignificant on the streamlines; it is very effective in high Reynolds numbers. The existence of rib on the direction of fluid motion causes asymmetrical velocity profile in the top section of the rib. Using triangular rib with higher attack angle can improve heat transfer significantly due to the high-velocity gradients and better mixing of fluid flow.

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Abbreviations

A :

Area (m2)

f :

Friction factor

C p :

Heat capacity (J kg−1 K−1)

H :

Microchannel height (μm)

Z :

Ribbed height (m)

k :

Thermal conductivity coefficient (Wm−1 K−1)

L 1 :

Overall microchannel length (m)

L 2 :

Inlet microchannel length (m)

L 3 :

Outlet microchannel length (m)

q″:

Surface heat flux (Wm−2)

W :

Ribbed length (m)

Nu :

Nusselt number

P :

Fluid pressure (Pa)

p :

Ribbed pitch (m)

Pp :

Pumping power (W)

Pe :

Peclet number

Pr :

Prandtl number

Re :

Reynolds number

T :

Temperature (K)

U, V :

Dimensionless velocity components in x, y directions

X, Y :

Cartesian dimensionless coordinates

u, v :

Velocity components in x, y directions (m s−1)

u c :

Inlet velocity in x directions (m s−1)

u s :

Brownian motion velocity (m s−1)

α :

Thermal diffusivity (m−2 s−1)

φ :

Nanoparticles volume fraction

K b :

Boltzmann constant (J K−1)

μ :

Dynamic viscosity (Pa s)

θ :

Dimensionless temperature and attack angles (Fig. 1)

Fig. 1
figure 1

Schematic of problem

Full size image
ρ :

Density (kg m−3)

\(\upsilon\) :

Kinematics viscosity (m−2 s−1)

Δ:

Difference

c:

Cold

eff:

Effective

f:

Base fluid (distilled water)

h:

Hot

Ave:

Average

nf:

Nanofluid

S:

Solid nanoparticles

p:

Particle

In:

Inlet

Out:

Outlet

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran

    Ali Heydari, Omid Ali Akbari, Ramin Mashayekhi, Gholamreza Ahmadi Sheikh Shabani & Majid Zarringhalam

  2. Division of Computational Physics, Institute for Computational Science, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Mohammad Reza Safaei & Truong Khang Nguyen

  3. Faculty of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam

    Mohammad Reza Safaei & Truong Khang Nguyen

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, 40292, USA

    Masoud Derakhshani

  5. Department of Automotive and Marine Engineering Technology, College of Technological Studies, The Public Authority for Applied Education and Training, Kuwait City, Kuwait

    Abdullah A. A. A. Alrashed

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  1. Ali Heydari
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Heydari, A., Akbari, O.A., Safaei, M.R. et al. The effect of attack angle of triangular ribs on heat transfer of nanofluids in a microchannel. J Therm Anal Calorim 131, 2893–2912 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6746-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-017-6746-x

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