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Effects of mixing metal ions for the thermal runaway reaction of TMCH

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Abstract

1,1-bis(tert-Butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane (TMCH) is commonly used as a crosslinking agent or an initiator of the heat-curing agent for polybutadiene rubber. Metal ions that remain in the pipelines or containers of manufacturing processes may affect the thermal stability of the organic peroxides. Moreover, pipelines or metal containers may contain some metal ions because of inner corrosive chemicals or surface deterioration, which may induce a chemical reaction, while TMCH is mixed with them. To avoid these unexpected chemical reactions, we focused on the thermal hazard analysis of TMCH mixed with metal ions, such as nickel(II) bromide or copper(II) bromide. The experiments can determine thermokinetic parameters, including exothermic onset temperature (T 0), maximum temperature (T max), and heat of decomposition (ΔH d), under non-isothermal conditions by differential scanning calorimetry. Non-isothermal experimental results combined with isoconversional kinetic analysis can acquire further safety parameters, such as apparent activation energy (E a) and time to maximum heating rate. The results of this study could be used as a proactive case for the storage of TMCH mixed with metal ions.

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Abbreviations

A :

Frequency factor (s−1)

E a :

Apparent activation energy (kJ mol−1)

k :

Heat-transfer coefficient (W m−1 K−1)

k i :

Rate constant (mol L−1s−1) (i = 1, 2)

t :

Time (s)

T :

Absolute temperature (K)

T 0 :

Exothermic onset temperature (°C)

T αi :

Different temperature in various heating rates at isoconversional degree αi; i = 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8

TMRiso :

Time to maximum heating rate under isothermal conditions (min)

R :

Gas constant (8.31415 J K−1 mol−1)

β :

Heating rate (°C min−1)

∆H d :

Heat of decomposition (J g−1)

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Acknowledgements

The authors wish to thank Ms. Vaefun Shi and Mr. Ao Chen for their assistance in solving the problems from simulations by differential isoconversional kinetic analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Doctoral Program, Graduate School of Engineering Science and Technology, National Yunlin University of Science and Technology (YunTech), 123, University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, 64002, Taiwan, ROC

    Wei-Chun Chen & Wei-Ting Chen

  2. Department of Occupational Safety and Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, 91, Hsueh-Shih Rd, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan, ROC

    Yih-Wen Wang

  3. Department of Fire Safety, National Taiwan Police College, Taipei, 11696, Taiwan, ROC

    Chen-Wei Chiu

  4. Department of Safety, Health, and Environmental Engineering, YunTech, 123, University Rd., Sec. 3, Douliou, Yunlin, 64002, Taiwan, ROC

    Chi-Min Shu

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  1. Wei-Chun Chen
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  2. Wei-Ting Chen
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Correspondence to Chi-Min Shu.

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Chen, WC., Chen, WT., Wang, YW. et al. Effects of mixing metal ions for the thermal runaway reaction of TMCH. J Therm Anal Calorim 118, 1003–1010 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-014-3813-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-014-3813-4

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