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Phytosynthesis of anatase TiO2 nanostructures using grapefruit extract for antimicrobial and catalytic applications

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Abstract

Plant extracts have been broadly considered to be an environmentally-benign alternative for the in vitro synthesis of stable and shape-controlled metal and metal oxide nanoparticles. In this study, a green procedure based on using grapefruit juice extract was applied in the phytosynthesis of TiO2 nanostructures. The prepared samples, calcined at 600 °C, were subjected to various physicochemical characterisations using FT-IR, Raman, XRD, SEM and XPS. Structural characterisation confirmed the formation of a temperature-stable monophasic anatase polymorph TiO2. The SEM morphological analysis revealed that the synthesised nanoparticles had an almost spherical shape. The antimicrobial activity of the phytosynthesised TiO2 nanostructures was evaluated against gram-positive (E. coli and K. pneumoniae) and gram-negative (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus: MRSA) bacterial and fungal (C. Albicans) pathogens in terms of MIC measurements. Overall, the phytosynthesised nanoparticles exhibited high antibacterial power towards gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria but were inactive against C. albicans. Additionally, an evaluation of the phytoprepared nanostructures determined that they exhibited good catalytic performance.

Highlights

  • Phytosynthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles by sol-gel methods using grape fruit extract.

  • Thermal-stable anatase spherical-like TiO2 nanoparticles were achieved.

  • Antimicrobial potential of the TiO2 was screened against bacterial and fungal pathogens.

  • The prepared TiO2 nanostructures exhibited good catalytic performance towards the synthesis of quinazolinonethione derivatives.

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Acknowledgements

We extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number (IF-PSAU-2021/01/18174).

Author contributions

Conceptualization: OO, YR, MHG, Methodology: OO, YR, MHG, Software: YR, MHG, AK, OO. Validation: OO, YR, EOI, MHG, AK, Formal analysis: OO, YR, EOI, MHG, AK, Investigation: OO, YR, EOI, MHG, AK, Resources: MHG, OO, YR, EOI. Data Curation: OO, YR, EOI, MHG, AK, Writing—Original Draft: OO, YR, MHG, Writing—Review & Editing: OO, YR, EOI, MHG, AK.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of physic, College of science and humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia

    Oussama Ouerghi & Abdellah Kaiba

  2. Université Tunis El Manar, Tunis, 1068, Tunisia

    Oussama Ouerghi

  3. Department of Chemistry, College of science and humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammed H. Geesi

  4. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz. University, PO Box 173, Alkharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia

    Yassine Riadi

  5. Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942, Saudi Arabia

    Elmutasim O. Ibnouf

  6. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Omdurman Islamic University, Omdurman, Sudan

    Elmutasim O. Ibnouf

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  1. Oussama Ouerghi
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  2. Mohammed H. Geesi
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  4. Elmutasim O. Ibnouf
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  5. Abdellah Kaiba
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Correspondence to Mohammed H. Geesi.

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Ouerghi, O., Geesi, M.H., Riadi, Y. et al. Phytosynthesis of anatase TiO2 nanostructures using grapefruit extract for antimicrobial and catalytic applications. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 108, 538–547 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-023-06215-6

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