Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Synthesis of pyridyl Schiff base functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica for the removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution

  • Original Paper: Sol–gel and hybrid materials with surface modification for applications
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

SBA-15 mesoporous materials functionalized with N-propyl-2-pyridylimine and ethylenediaminepropyl-2-pyridylimine denoted as SBA-PA and SBA-NPA were prepared and used as adsorbents for decontamination of aqueous solutions from Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions. Batch tests were carried out and pH value of 5.0 was selected for the adsorption process. The experimental data were well represented by pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm model, indicating the adsorption was promoted by chemical process and occurred on monolayer. The theoretical maximum values of sorption capacities of SBA-PA and SBA-NPA for Cu(II) were 35.87 and 48.26 mg/g, and for Pb(II) were 82.05 and 106.62 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II) was enhanced with the increase of temperature and the thermodynamics parameters were also studied. In addition, the two adsorbents could be easily regenerated over four times without significant loss of adsorption efficiency. Therefore, these nanocomposites prepared here could be promising for heavy metal ions removal in aqueous solution.

Synthesized pyridyl Schiff base functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica for adsorption.

Highlights

  • Two types of pyridyl Schiff base functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica materials denoted as SBA-PA and SBA-NPA were prepared for the removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution.

  • The theoretical maximum values of sorption capacities of SBA-PA and SBA-NPA for Cu(II) were 35.87 and 48.26 mg/g, and for Pb(II) were 82.05 and 106.62 mg/g, respectively.

  • Considering the good reusability and regeneration of the adsorbents, these nanocomposites are potential for the removal of aqueous heavy metal ions in practical application.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. O’Connell DW, Birkinshaw C, O’Dwyer TF (2008) Heavy metal adsorbents prepared from the modification of cellulose: a review. Bioresour Technol 99:6709–6724

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Zhao G, Huang X, Tang Z, Huang Q, Niu F, Wang X (2018) Polymer−based nanocomposites for heavy metal ions removal from aqueous solution: a review. Polym Chem 9:3562–3582

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Radi S, Tighadouini S, Bacquet M, Degoutin S, Janus L, Mabkhot YN (2016) Fabrication and covalent modification of highly chelated hybrid material based on silica-bipyridine framework for efficient adsorption of heavy metals: isotherms, kinetics and thermodynamics studies. RSC Adv 6:82505–82514

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Farooq R, Wang Y, Lin F, Shaukat SF, Donaldson J, Chouhdary AJ (2002) Effect of ultrasound on the removal of copper from the model solutions for copper electrolysis process. Water Res 36:3165–3169

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Da̧browski A, Hubicki Z, Podkościelny P, Robens E (2004) Selective removal of the heavy metal ions from waters and industrial wastewaters by ion−exchange method. Chemosphere 56:91–106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Meunier N, Drogui P, Montané C, Hausler R, Mercier G, Blais J-F (2006) Comparison between electrocoagulation and chemical precipitation for metals removal from acidic soil leachate. J Hazard Mater 137:581–590

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ndiaye PI, Moulin P, Dominguez L, Millet JC, Charbit F (2005) Removal of fluoride from electronic industrial effluentby RO membrane separation. Desalination 173:25–32

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Azimi A, Azari A, Rezakazemi M, Ansarpour M (2017) Removal of heavy metals from industrial wastewaters: a review. ChemBioEng Rev 4:37–59

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Fu F, Wang Q (2011) Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: A review. J Environ Manag 92:407–418

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Hernández Rodiguez M, Yperman J, Carleer R, Maggen J, Dadi D, Gryglewicz G, Van der Bruggen B, Falcón Hernández J, Otero Calvis A (2018) Adsorption of Ni(II) on spent coffee and coffee husk based activated carbon. J Environ Chem Eng 6:1161–1170

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Cegłowski M, Schroeder G (2015) Preparation of porous resin with Schiff base chelating groups for removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Chem Eng J 263:402–411

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Georgescu A-M, Nardou F, Zichil V, Nistor ID (2018) Adsorption of lead(II) ions from aqueous solutions onto Cr-pillared clays. Appl Clay Sci 152:44–50

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Li H, Niu Y, Xue Z, Mu Q, Wang K, Qu R, Chen H, Bai L, Yang H, Wei D (2019) Adsorption property and mechanism of PAMAM dendrimer/silica gel hybrids for Fe(III) and Ag(I) from N,N-dimethylformamide. J Mol Liq 273:305–313

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Da’na E (2017) Adsorption of heavy metals on functionalized-mesoporous silica: A review. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 247:145–157

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Diagboya PNE, Dikio ED (2018) Silica-based mesoporous materials; emerging designer adsorbents for aqueous pollutants removal and water treatment. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 266:252–267

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Cashin VB, Eldridge DS, Yu A, Zhao D (2018) Surface functionalization and manipulation of mesoporous silica adsorbents for improved removal of pollutants: a review. Environ Sci-Wat Res Technol 4:110–128

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Mureseanu M, Reiss A, Stefanescu I, David E, Parvulescu V, Renard G, Hulea V (2008) Modified SBA-15 mesoporous silica for heavy metal ions remediation. Chemosphere 73:1499–1504

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Gupta KC, Sutar AK (2008) Catalytic activities of Schiff base transition metal complexes. Coord Chem Rev 252:1420–1450

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Chen X, Yamaguchi A, Namekawa M, Kamijo T, Teramae N, Tong A (2011) Functionalization of mesoporous silica membrane with a Schiff base fluorophore for Cu(II) ion sensing. Anal Chim Acta 696:94–100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Shiri−Yekta Z, Yaftian MR, Nilchi A (2013) Silica nanoparticles modified with a Schiff base ligand: An efficient adsorbent for Th(IV), U(VI) and Eu(III) ions. Korean J Chem Eng 30:1644–1651

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Niu Y, Qu R, Chen H, Mu L, Liu X, Wang T, Zhang Y, Sun C (2014) Synthesis of silica gel supported salicylaldehyde modified PAMAM dendrimers for the effective removal of Hg(II) from aqueous solution. J Hazard Mater 278:267–278

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Zhao J, Niu Y, Ren B, Chen H, Zhang S, Jin J, Zhang Y (2018) Synthesis of Schiff base functionalized superparamagnetic Fe3O4 composites for effective removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) from aqueous solution. Chem Eng J 347:574–584

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Wang Q, Gao W, Liu Y, Yuan J, Xu Z, Zeng Q, Li Y, Schröder M (2014) Simultaneous adsorption of Cu(II) and SO42− ions by a novel silica gel functionalized with a ditopic zwitterionic Schiff base ligand. Chem Eng J 250:55–65

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Hami Dindar M, Yaftian MR, Pilehvari M, Rostamnia S (2015) SBA-15 mesoporous materials decorated with organic ligands: use as adsorbents for heavy metal ions. J Iran Chem Soc 12:561–572

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Dindar MH, Yaftian MR, Rostamnia S (2015) Potential of functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous materials for decontamination of water solutions from Cr(VI), As(V) and Hg(II) ions. J Environ Chem Eng 3:986–995

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Dolatyari L, Yaftian MR, Rostamnia S (2016) Removal of uranium(VI) ions from aqueous solutions using Schiff base functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica materials. J Environ Manag 169:8–17

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Dolatyari L, Yaftian MR, Rostamnia S (2016) Adsorption characteristics of Eu(III) and Th(IV) ions onto modified mesoporous silica SBA-15 materials. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 60:174–184

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Dindar MH, Yaftian MR, Hajihasani M, Rostamnia S (2016) Refinement of contaminated water by Cr(VI), As(V) and Hg(II) using N-donor ligands arranged on SBA-15 platform; batch and fixed-bed column methods. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 67:325–337

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Enache DF, Vasile E, Simonescu CM, Culita D, Vasile E, Oprea O, Pandele AM, Razvan A, Dumitru F, Nechifor G (2018) Schiff base-functionalized mesoporous silicas (MCM-41, HMS) as Pb(II) adsorbents. RSC Adv 8:176–189

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Parambadath S, Mathew A, Barnabas MJ, Kim SY, Ha C-S (2016) Concentration-dependant selective removal of Cr(III), Pb(II) and Zn(II) from aqueous mixtures using 5-methyl-2-thiophenecarboxaldehyde Schiff base-immobilised SBA-15. J Sol–Gel Sci Technol 79:426–439

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Wu H, Xiao Y, Guo Y, Miao S, Chen Q, Chen Z (2020) Functionalization of SBA-15 mesoporous materials with 2-acetylthiophene for adsorption of Cr(III) ions. Microporous Mesoporous Mater 292:109754

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Behbahani M, Najafi F, Amini MM, Sadeghi O, Bagheri A, Hassanlou PG (2014) Solid phase extraction using nanoporous MCM-41 modified with 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde for simultaneous preconcentration and removal of gold(III), palladium(II), copper(II) and silver(I). J Ind Eng Chem 20:2248–2255

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Saad EM, Hassan HMA, Soltan MS, Butler IS, Mostafa SI (2018) Removal of copper(II) ions from aqueous media by chemically modified MCM-41 with N-(3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl)ethylenediamine and its 4-hydroxysalicylidene schiff-base. Environ Prog Sustain Energy 37:746–760

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Zhang L, Hu X, Yu C, Crawford R, Yu A (2013) Preparation of sinapinaldehyde modified mesoporous silica materials and their application in selective extraction of trace Pb(II). Int J Environ Anal Chem 93:1274–1285

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Arshadi M, Ghiaci M, Gil A (2011) Schiff base ligands immobilized on a nanosized SiO2–Al2O3 mixed oxide as adsorbents for heavy metals. Ind Eng Chem Res 50:13628–13635

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Boroumand Jazi M, Arshadi M, Amiri MJ, Gil A (2014) Kinetic and thermodynamic investigations of Pb(II) and Cd(II) adsorption on nanoscale organo-functionalized SiO2Al2O3. J Colloid Interface Sci 422:16–24

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Di Bernardo P, Zanonato PL, Tamburini S, Vigato PA (2007) Functionalisation of silica gel with cyclic and acyclic Schiff bases and related d- and/or f-metal complexes. Inorg Chim Acta 360:1083–1094

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Sayari A, Han B-H, Yang Y (2004) Simple synthesis route to monodispersed SBA-15 Silica Rods. J Am Chem Soc 126:14348–14349

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Rafatullah M, Sulaiman O, Hashim R, Ahmad A (2009) Adsorption of copper (II), chromium (III), nickel (II) and lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions by meranti sawdust. J Hazard Mater 170:969–977

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Iftikhar AR, Bhatti HN, Hanif MA, Nadeem R (2009) Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of Cu(II) and Cr(III) removal from aqueous solutions using rose waste biomass. J Hazard Mater 161:941–947

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Wang T, Liu W, Xiong L, Xu N, Ni J (2013) Influence of pH, ionic strength and humic acid on competitive adsorption of Pb(II), Cd(II) and Cr(III) onto titanate nanotubes. Chem Eng J 215−216:366–374

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Ge S, Geng W, He X, Zhao J, Zhou B, Duan L, Wu Y, Zhang Q (2018) Effect of framework structure, pore size and surface modification on the adsorption performance of methylene blue and Cu2+ in mesoporous silica. Colloids Surf A 539:154–162

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Huang Q, Liu M, Deng F, Wang K, Huang H, Xu D, Zeng G, Zhang X, Wei Y (2016) Mussel inspired preparation of amine-functionalized Kaolin for effective removal of heavy metal ions. Mater Chem Phys 181:116–125

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Niu L, Deng S, Yu G, Huang J (2010) Efficient removal of Cu(II), Pb(II), Cr(VI) and As(V) from aqueous solution using an aminated resin prepared by surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. Chem Eng J 165:751–757

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Shahbazi A, Younesi H, Badiei A (2011) Functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica by melamine-based dendrimer amines for adsorptive characteristics of Pb(II), Cu(II) and Cd(II) heavy metal ions in batch and fixed bed column. Chem Eng J 168:505–518

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Wu Q, You R, Lv Q, Xu Y, You W, Yu Y (2015) Efficient simultaneous removal of Cu(II) and Cr2O72− from aqueous solution by a renewable amphoteric functionalized mesoporous silica. Chem Eng J 281:491–501

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No. BK20171263), and Postgraduate Research & Practice Innovation Program of Jiangsu Province (KYCX18-2603), Innovation & Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students of Jiangsu Province.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Function Control Technology, School of Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang, 222005, PR China

    Yuanyuan Zhang, Xiang Cao, Jiyuan Sun, Guohao Wu, Jie Wang & Dongen Zhang

Authors
  1. Yuanyuan Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Xiang Cao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jiyuan Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Guohao Wu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Jie Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Dongen Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yuanyuan Zhang.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s note Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Zhang, Y., Cao, X., Sun, J. et al. Synthesis of pyridyl Schiff base functionalized SBA-15 mesoporous silica for the removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 94, 658–670 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-019-05205-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-019-05205-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation