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Sol-gel mediated synthesis of silica nanoparticle from Bambusa vulgaris leaves and its environmental applications: kinetics and isotherms studies

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for energy, environment and building applications
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Abstract

The present investigation had made to synthesis of silica nanoparticle (SiNp) from Bambusa vulgaris leaves (BVL) ash by using sol-gel technique and it was utilized for the removal of Cadmium (Cd) and Congo red (CR) in aqueous solutions. Further, the synthesized adsorbent was characterized using instrumental techniques such as XRD, FTIR, FESEM–EDS mapping, TEM, BET, and Zeta potential. In addition, the batch mode technique (such as pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time) was carried out for optimization of Cd and CR removal. The adsorption behavior and capacity was calculated using different isotherms and kinetics. The obtained results of Cd and CR removal were optimized with following parameters such as pH 7, adsorbent dose (100 mg), and equilibrium time (30 min). Also, the adsorbent behavior was found suitable in Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm model and its maximum adsorbent capacity was 133 and 172 mg/g. The kinetic data were better fitted into the pseudo-second order model. The results concluded that the synthesized SiNp was the best adsorbent for the removal of metals, dyes and also economically sound techniques for disposal of agricultural waste.

This investigation utilized Bambusa vulgaris leaves for synthesis of silica nanoparticle by sol-gel process and removal of Cadmium and Congo red. Bamboo species are considered one of the fast growing and high yielding plants. Mostly, it has been utilized for making of winnow, basket, fan, and pulp production. Indeed, as per previous reports this leaves are considered as waste; also they analyzed chemical properties of leaves. It contained higher percentage (more than 35%) of silica. Finally, we conclude that synthesized silica nanoparticle are eco-friendly and economically efficient adsorbent for removal of heavy metals as well as dyes in the aqueous solutions and also best solution for agricultural waste management.

Highlights

  • Silica nanoparticles were synthesized from Bambusa vulgaris leaves by sol-gel method.

  • Silica nanoparticles were characterized using XRD, FTIR, FESEM–EDS mapping, TEM, BET, and Zeta potential.

  • Cadmium and Congo red were removed using synthesized silica nanoparticles in batch mode.

  • Maximum adsorption capacity (Qo) of Cd and Congo red were 133, 172 mg/g, respectively.

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Acknowledgements

K. Durairaj is thankful to Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, New Delhi, for providing him financial assistance (Award No: 09/810/0025/2018 EMR-I) in the form of Senior Research Fellowship (SRF) and all the authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. N. Radhakrishnan, Department of Library and Information science, Periyar University for making language correction of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental science, School of Life Sciences, Periyar University, Salem, TN, 636011, India

    Kaliannan Durairaj & Palaninaicker Senthilkumar

  2. PG and Research Department of Microbiology, Sri Sankara Arts and Science College, Enathur, Kanchipuram, TN, 631561, India

    Palanivel Velmurugan & Subramanian Kumaran

  3. Department of Science and Humanities, Division of Chemistry, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha School of Engineering, Chennai, TN, 600077, India

    Kavitha Dhamodaran

  4. DRDO-BU center for life sciences, Coimbatore, TN, 641046, India

    Krishna Kadirvelu

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  1. Kaliannan Durairaj
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Correspondence to Palaninaicker Senthilkumar.

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Durairaj, K., Senthilkumar, P., Velmurugan, P. et al. Sol-gel mediated synthesis of silica nanoparticle from Bambusa vulgaris leaves and its environmental applications: kinetics and isotherms studies. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 90, 653–664 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-019-04922-7

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