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Influence of gelation step for preparing PEG–SiO2 shape-stabilized phase change materials by sol–gel method

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for energy, environment and building applications
  • Published:
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Abstract

An in situ shape-stabilized phase change material (ssPCM) from polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been produced by sol–gel method. The inorganic matrix was in situ formed from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), controlling the condensation rate in a second alkaline step using NaOH. ssPCMs having a latent heat up to 113.8 J/g were synthetized using a sol with a molar ratio H2O:EtOH:H2SO4:PEG1000:TEOS of 2:0.34:0.021:0.50:1 and an equivalent ratio NaOH/H2SO4 of 1.15 for promoting the gel step. The presence of high-density hydrogen bonds between silanol groups and the ether oxygen atoms of PEG and the existence of latent heat allowed to confirm that the PEG worked in two ways. It either forms the PEG–SiO2 matrix or adsorbs onto the surface of the previous polymeric matrix, losing or conserving its latent heat, respectively. The addition of NaOH allowed to change the functionality of the silicon matrix which strongly affected the water content, the thermal stability, and the amount of active PEG in the ssPCMs, leading to an optimal neutralization condition when an equivalent ratio NaOH/H2SO4 of 1.15 was used. The obtained ssPCM has an appropriate range of operative temperatures, a high latent heat in the range of common thermoregulating materials, and a proper thermal reliability.

An in situ shape-stabilized phase change material from polyethylene glycol has been produced by sol–gel method, studying the effect of the condensation step on its final properties.

Highlights

  • Sol–gel method was used for the in situ production of a ssPCM from PEG and SiO2.

  • The sol condensation rate was controlled by adding NaOH in the neutralization step.

  • PEG works either by forming the PEG–SiO2 matrix or adsorbing onto this solid as PCM.

  • The SiO2 functionality was established by the neutralization degree.

  • The competition between PEG and SiO– by SiOH groups led to obtain an optimal ssPCM.

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Acknowledgements

We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness of Spain through the project Ref. CTQ2015-69299-R. The authors also acknowledge the support from the grant from the University of Castilla-La Mancha for the thesis studies of Angel Serrano.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemical and Enviromental Technologies, Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Castilla – La Mancha, Av. Camilo José Cela s/n, 13004, Ciudad Real, Spain

    Angel Serrano, Jesús Martín del Campo, Nieves Peco, Juan F. Rodriguez & Manuel Carmona

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  1. Angel Serrano
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  2. Jesús Martín del Campo
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  5. Manuel Carmona
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Correspondence to Manuel Carmona.

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Serrano, A., Martín del Campo, J., Peco, N. et al. Influence of gelation step for preparing PEG–SiO2 shape-stabilized phase change materials by sol–gel method. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 89, 731–742 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4866-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4866-9

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