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Selective aerobic photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol over spherical structured WO3/TiO2 nanocomposite under visible light irradiation

  • Original Paper: Nano-structured materials (particles, fibers, colloids, composites, etc.)
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Abstract

TiO2/WO3 nanocomposite with nanodisk morphology was prepared and successfully used as a photocatalyst. The nanocomposite was obtained via sonochemical and hydrothermal methods, using pomegranate juice as a capping agent. The products were characterized by FE-SEM imaging, BET, EDAX spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, DRS, and FT-IR spectroscopy. TiO2/WO3 nanocomposite showed high sensitivity to absorb visible light in compared to TiO2. In an optimized condition, the yield of the aerobic photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol derivatives reached to 65% for the TiO2/WO3 nanocomposite, while the conversion percent of the derivatives was less than 8% and 50% on the TiO2 and WO3 nanoparticles, respectively. Experimental results were supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The DFT results in several solvents of different dielectric constants, confirmed the strong dependence of light absorption and photocatalytic activity to adsorption energy of the substrates on the surface of the nanoparticles (Ead). In addition, the theoretical results showed an inverse correlation between the adsorption energy of benzyl alcohol and its conversion percent, accordance to the experimental trend.

Highlights

  • Significant increasing visible light sensitization.

  • Enhancement of photocatalytic selectivity, conversion percent and reaction rate.

  • Aerobic photocatalytic oxidation.

  • Decreasing band gap to 2.9 eV in the TiO2/WO3.

  • Supporting the enhancement of photocatalytic performance by DFT calculations.

  • Inverse proportional of |Ead| between adsorption energy of benzyl alcohol and the photocatalytic reaction yield.

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Acknowledgements

The financial support rendered by the University of Kurdistan is gratefully acknowledged.

Supporting information

Supporting Information including the BETand BJH analysis of TiO2, WO3, and TiO2/WO3.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, P.O. Box 66175-416, Sanandaj, Iran

    Elham Safaei, Sajjad Mohebbi & Mehdi Irani

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  1. Elham Safaei
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Correspondence to Sajjad Mohebbi.

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Safaei, E., Mohebbi, S. & Irani, M. Selective aerobic photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol over spherical structured WO3/TiO2 nanocomposite under visible light irradiation. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 87, 170–182 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-018-4720-0

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