Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

High-temperature ferromagnetism of Cu-doped PbPdO2 nanograin films

  • Original Paper: Sol-gel and hybrid materials for dielectric, electronic, magnetic and ferroelectric applications
  • Published:
Journal of Sol-Gel Science and Technology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The single-phase, body-centered orthorhombic-structured, Cu-doped PbPdO2 films with a nanograin structure were synthesized by using the sol–gel spin-coating method and an oxidation treatment. It was found that large amounts of Pb vacancies exist in the nanograin film and Pb ions possess a mixed valence state of 2+ and 4+. Besides the superparamagnetism and the charge ordering state, the magnetic studies displayed that ferromagnetism, which can persist up to 380 K, exists in the Cu-doped PbPdO2 nanograin film. As a peculiar characteristic of the spin gapless semiconductor, the ferromagnetic saturation magnetization increasing unusually with temperatures above 300 K was also discovered. The bound magnetic polarons based on the Pb vacancies, the doped Cu2+ ions, and the Pb ions with a valence higher than 2+ were believed to be the origin of such high-temperature ferromagnetism.

Graphical abstract

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Wang XL (2008) Proposal for a new class of materials: spin gapless semiconductors. Phys Rev Lett 100:156404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Su HL, Huang SY, Chiang YF, Huang JCA, Kuo CC, Du YW, Wu YC, Zuo RZ (2011) Unusual high-temperature ferromagnetism of PbPd0.81Co0.19O2 nanograin film. Appl Phys Lett 99:102508

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Song TT, Tang FL, Su HL, Chuang PY, Liu J, Mei C, Huang SY, Lee MK, Huang JCA, Wu YC (2016) Microstructure and magnetism of sol–gel synthesized Co-doped PbPdO2 nanograin film. J Magn Magn Mater 407:37–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Wang XL, Peleckis G, Zhang C, Kimura H, Dou SX (2009) Colossal electroresistance and giant magnetoresistance in doped PbPdO2 thin films. Adv Mater 21:2196–2199

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Lee KJ, Choo SM, Yoon JB, Song KM, Saiga Y, You C-Y, Hur N, Lee SI, Takabatake T, Jung MH (2010) Magnetic properties of gapless semiconductors: PbPdO2 and PbPd0.9Co0.1O2. J Appl Phys 107:09C306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Lee KJ, Choo SM, Saiga Y, Takabatake T, Jung MH (2011) Magnetic properties of Mn and Co doped PbPdO2. J Appl Phys 109:07C316

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Liu J, Mei C, Chuang PY, Song TT, Tang FL, Su HL, Huang JCA, Wu YC (2016) Effect of Fe doping on the magnetic properties of PbPdO2 nanograin film fabricated by sol–gel method. Ceram Int 42:15762–15766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Tang FL, Liu J, Mei C, Huang SY, Song TT, Su HL, Lee MK, Wu YC, Huang JCA (2016) Microstructure and magnetism of Co-doped PbPdO2 films with different grain sizes. RSC Adv 6:37522–37529

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Mei C, Liu J, Chuang PY, Song TT, Tang FL, Su HL, Huang JCA, Wu YC (2017) High-temperature ferromagnetism of Ni-doped PbPdO2 nanograin films synthesized by sol–gel spin-coating method. Ceram Int 43:1997–2003

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Ozawa TC, Taniguchi T, Nagata Y, Noro Y, Naka T, Matsushita A (2005) Cu doping and pressure effect on a layered palladium oxide: PbPdO2. J Alloy Compd 388:1–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Tang FL, Mei C, Chuang PY, Song TT, Su HL, Wu YC, Qiao YR, Huang JCA, Liao YF (2017) Valence state and magnetism of Mn-doped PbPdO2 nanograin film synthesized by sol–gel spin-coating method. Thin Solid Films 623:14–18

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Yoshida T, Yamaguchi T, Iida Y, Nakayama S (2003) XPS study of Pb(II) adsorption on γ-Al2O3 surface at high pH condition. J Nucl Sci Technol 40:672–678

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. da Silva AGM, Fajardo HV, Balzer R, Probst LFD, Lovón ASP, Lovón-Quintana JJ, Valença GP, Schreine WH, Robles-Dutenhefner PA (2015) Versatile and efficient catalysts for energy and environmental processes: mesoporous silica containing Au, Pd and Au-Pd. J Power Sources 285:460–468

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Militello MC, Simko SJ (1994) Palladium oxide (PdO) by XPS. Surf Sci Spectra 3:395–401

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Ghodselahi T, Vesaghi MA, Shafiekhani A, Baghizadeh A, Lameii M (2008) XPS study of the Cu@Cu2O core-shell nanoparticles. Appl Surf Sci 255:2730–2734

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Dai WL, Sun Q, Deng JF, Wu D, Sun YH (2001) XPS studies of Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 ultra-fine catalysts derived by a novel gel oxalate co-precipitation for methanol synthesis by CO2+H2. Appl Surf Sci 177:172–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Chai P, Wang XY, Hu S, Liu XJ, Liu Y, Lv MF, Li GS, Meng J (2009) Particle size-dependent charge ordering and magnetic properties in Pr0.55Ca0.45MnO3. J Phys Chem C 113:15817–15823

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Liu Y, Kong H, Zhu CF (2007) Coexistence of charge ordering and ferromagnetism in Nd0.5Ca0.5Mn1−xCoxO3 (x ≤ 0.1). J Alloys Compd 439:33–36

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hochepied JF, Pileni MP (2000) Magnetic properties of mixed cobalt-zinc ferrite nanoparticles. J Appl Phys 87:2472–2478

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Durst AC, Bhatt RN, Wolff PA (2002) Bound magnetic polaron interactions in insulating doped diluted magnetic semiconductors. Phys Rev B 65:235205

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Lu ZL, Hsu HS, Tzeng YH, Zhang FM, Du YW, Huang JCA (2009) The origins of ferromagnetism in Co-doped ZnO single crystalline films: from bound magnetic polaron to free carrier-mediated exchange interaction. Appl Phys Lett 95:102501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Coey JMD, Venkatesan M, Fitzgerald CB (2005) Donor impurity band exchange in dilute ferromagnetic oxides. Nat Mater 4:173–179

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 11274086), the National Science Council of Taiwan (NSC 100-2112-M-006-018-MY3) and the Open Research Fund of Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory for Nanotechnology, Nanjing University (No. 2015-2016).

Author information

Author notes

    Authors and Affiliations

    1. School of Materials Science and Engineering and Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials and Devices, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, 230009, People’s Republic of China

      E. B. Qiu, C. Mei, D. C. Ye, Z. Zhang, H. L. Su & Y. C. Wu

    2. Department of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan

      J. C. A. Huang

    3. Advanced Optoelectronic Technology Center (AOTC), National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 701, Taiwan

      J. C. A. Huang

    4. Taiwan Consortium of Emergent Crystalline Materials (TCECM), Ministry of Science and Technology, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

      J. C. A. Huang

    Authors
    1. E. B. Qiu
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    2. C. Mei
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    3. D. C. Ye
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    4. Z. Zhang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    5. H. L. Su
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    6. Y. C. Wu
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    7. J. C. A. Huang
      View author publications

      You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

    Corresponding authors

    Correspondence to H. L. Su, Y. C. Wu or J. C. A. Huang.

    Ethics declarations

    Conflict of interest

    The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

    Additional information

    E. B. Qiu and C. Mei contributed equally to this work.

    Rights and permissions

    Reprints and permissions

    About this article

    Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

    Cite this article

    Qiu, E.B., Mei, C., Ye, D.C. et al. High-temperature ferromagnetism of Cu-doped PbPdO2 nanograin films. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 84, 361–367 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4501-1

    Download citation

    • Received:

    • Accepted:

    • Published:

    • Issue Date:

    • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4501-1

    Keywords

    Search

    Navigation