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Anatase-to-rutile transition in co-doped TiO2 pigments

  • Original Paper: Nano-structured materials (particles, fibers, colloids, composites, etc.)
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Abstract

In this paper, cobalt-doped titanium dioxide green ceramic pigments were synthesized by the polymeric precursor method. In order to investigate the obtainment of a crystalline rutile phase and particles in nanoscale, a chromophore doping was made with fixed concentrations of 1, 2, and 4 mol%, utilizing a calcination temperature of 600oC. The products were investigated by thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, diffuse reflectance, scanning and transmission electron microscopies. The titanium dioxide:cobalt crystallite size was about 65–100 nm. A broad reflectance band around 540 nm (green region) was observed for all doped samples, indicating the appearance of a deep green pigment. Furthermore, the results have shown that cobalt-doped titanium dioxide promotes greater phase conversion of anatase to rutile. Samples submitted at a temperature of 600 °C, pure titanium dioxide contains 22% rutile, whereas titanium dioxide: 4% of cobalt contains 78% rutile. The mechanism of phase transition in presence of cobalt is attributed to the lower valences of the dopant (II or III) when compared to the titanium valence (IV). Ionic substitution leads to the generation of oxygen vacancies that promote phase transitions at lower temperatures than expected in pure titanium dioxide.

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Acknowledgements

Authors thank to UFSCar—DEMa, Embrapa—Instrumentation (Dr. Elaine Cristina Paris) and Thamara Machado de Oliveira Ruell for the technical assistance. This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Federal University of Alfenas – UNIFAL-MG, Rodovia José Aurélio Vilela, no. 11.999, CEP: 37715-400, Poços de Caldas, MG, Brazil

    Tania Regina Giraldi, Jeferson Almeida Dias, Carly Mirela Baggio, Sylma Carvalho Maestrelli & Jéssica Ariane Oliveira

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  1. Tania Regina Giraldi
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  2. Jeferson Almeida Dias
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  3. Carly Mirela Baggio
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  4. Sylma Carvalho Maestrelli
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  5. Jéssica Ariane Oliveira
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Correspondence to Jeferson Almeida Dias or Jéssica Ariane Oliveira.

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Giraldi, T.R., Dias, J.A., Baggio, C.M. et al. Anatase-to-rutile transition in co-doped TiO2 pigments. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 83, 115–123 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4379-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-017-4379-y

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