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The influence of polyvinylpyrrolidone on thick and optical properties of BaTiO3:Er3+ thin films prepared by sol–gel method

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Abstract

Erbium (Er3+) 0.5% mol doped barium titanate (BaTiO3) thin films were elaborated via sol–gel method and dip-coating technique using titanium alkoxide and barium pentanedionate. Two syntheses were performed [with and without polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)] in order to obtain thick films. The BaTiO3:Er3+ thin films prepared from the sol with PVP were elaborated with 1 layer and those without PVP and were elaborated with 17 layers. In both cases, the films were deposited on silica quartz substrates. Both BaTiO3:Er3+ films presented a cubic phase, as determined by X-ray diffraction. BaTiO3:Er3+ films elaborated with PVP via single-step dip coating produced crack-free films with thicknesses of ~800 nm. SEM micrographs for the obtained BaTiO3:Er3+ films revealed high homogeneity and density. Mapping images obtained from BaTiO3:Er3+ revealed homogeneous distribution of Er3+ ions on the surface. XPS analyses of the chemical state and chemical environment of the constituent elements in the compositions showed that Er3+ ions in (Ba1−x Er x )TiO3 are in mixed valence of Er3+/Er2+. The BaTiO3:Er3+-PVP film exhibited luminescent properties under near-infrared excitation, as revealed by green emissions. The BaTiO3:Er3+-PVP film has good potential for optical applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to CONACYT for financial support of projects 59408 and 59998 and the National Polytechnic Institute (SIP20090528). The authors wish to acknowledge Daniel Ramírez González from IPICYT for his SEM analysis support. M. García thanks Conacyt for her Ph.D scholarship grant. The authors would like to thank David Nentwick for his editing work on this paper. The authors would also like to thank M. García Murillo for her assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CICATA Unidad Altamira, Km. 14.5, Carretera Tampico-Puerto Industrial Altamira, C.P. 89600, Altamira, Tamps., Mexico

    M. García Hernández, F. de J. Carrillo Romo & A. García Murillo

  2. Instituto Politécnico Nacional, CIITEC, Cerrada CECATI S/N Col. Sta. Catarina, Del. Azcapotzalco, 02250, Mexico, DF, Mexico

    F. de J. Carrillo Romo, A. García Murillo & D. Jaramillo Vigueras

  3. Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica, A.P. 1-948, 37150, León, Gto., Mexico

    M. A. Meneses Nava

  4. Departamento de Física Aplicada, CINVESTAV-IPN, Mérida, Yuc., Mexico

    P. Bartolo Pérez

  5. Laboratoire des Matériaux Inorganiques, Université Blaise Pascal CNRS-UMR 6002, 63177, Aubière, France

    G. Chadeyron

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  1. M. García Hernández
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Correspondence to A. García Murillo.

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García Hernández, M., Carrillo Romo, F.d.J., García Murillo, A. et al. The influence of polyvinylpyrrolidone on thick and optical properties of BaTiO3:Er3+ thin films prepared by sol–gel method. J Sol-Gel Sci Technol 53, 246–254 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-009-2084-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10971-009-2084-1

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