Abstract
Natural radioactivity (226Ra, 232Th, and 40K) concentrations were determined in sand samples collected from various beaches in Kadıköy-Istanbul (Turkey) at 12 sampling point for the evaluation of radiological parameters such as radiological equivalent activity and excess lifetime cancer risk. The activity concentrations of 226Ra, 232Th, and 40K were found to range between 21.08 and 49.19 Bqkg−1, 20.51–49.92 Bqkg−1, and 173.70–554.16 Bqkg−1, respectively. The selection of İstanbul as the study area is based on its high population density, indicating an increased vulnerability to potential negative effects of radiation exposure.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Carvalho C, Anjos RM, Veiga R, Macario K (2011) Application of radiometric analysis in the study of provenance and transport processes of Brazilian coastal sediments. J Environ Radioact 102:185–192. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2010.11.011
Natarajan T, Sahoo SK, Nakajima T, Veerasamy N, Yamazaki S, Inoue K, Ramola RC (2023) Distribution of 226Ra, 232Th and 40K in Kanyakumari beach placer deposits along Tamil Nadu coast, India. J Radioanal Nuclear Chem. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-08940-2
El-Bahi SM, El Dine NW, Ahmed F, Sroor A, Abdl Salaam MM (2005) Natural activity concentrations for selected kinds of Egyptian sand. Isot Environ Health Stud 41:161–168. https://doi.org/10.1080/10256010500054019
El-Kameesy SU, Abd El-Ghany S, El-Minyawi SM, Miligy Z, El-Mabrouk EM (2008) Natural radioactivity of beach sand samples in the Tripoli region, northwest Libya. Environ Eng Sci 32:245–251
Freitas AC, Alencar AS (2004) Gamma dose rates and distribution of natural radionuclides in sand beaches-Ilha Grande Southeastern Brazil. J Environ Radioact 75:211–223. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvrad.2004.01.002
Malik F, Matiullah M, Akram M, Rajput MU (2010) Measurement of natural radioactivity in sand samples collected along the bank of rivers Indus and Kabul in northern Pakistan. Radiat Protect Dosim 143:97–105. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncq356
Abbasi A, Zakaly HM, Alotaibi BM (2023) Radioactivity concentration and radiological risk assessment of beach sand along the coastline in the Mediterranean sea. Mar Pollut Bull 195:115527
Uosif MA, El-Taher A, Abbady AGE (2008) Radiological significance of beach sand used for climate therapy from Safaga Egypt. Radiat Protect Dosim 131:331–339
Veiga R, Sanchez N, Anjos RM, Macario K, Bastos J, Iguatemy JG, Aguiar JG, Santos AM, Mosquera B, Carvalho C (2006) Measurement of natural radioactivity in Brazilian beach sands. Radiat Meas 41:189–196. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radmeas.2005.05.001
Toros H, Erdun H, Capraz O, Ozer B, Bozyazı Daylan E, Oztürk AI (2014) Air pollution and quality levels in metropolitans of Turkey for sustainable life. Eur J Sci Technol 1(2):28–38
Korkulu Z, Özkan N (2013) Determination of natural radioactivity levels of beach sand samples in the black sea coast of Kocaeli (Turkey). Radiat Phys Chem 88:27–31. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2013.03.022
Aközcan S (2014) Annual effective dose of naturally occurring radionuclides in soil and sediment. Toxicol Environ Chem. https://doi.org/10.1080/02772248.2014.939177
Akkurt İ, Uyanik NA, Günoğlu K (2015) Radiation dose estimation: an in vitro measurement for Isparta-Turkey. Ijcesen 1:1–4. https://doi.org/10.22399/Ijcesen.194376
Siddeeg SM, Suliman MA, Ben Rebah F, Mnif W, Ahmed AY, Salih I (2018) Comparative study of natural radioactivity and radiological hazard parameters of various imported tiles used for decoration in Sudan. Symmetry 10(12):746
Beretka J, Mathew PJ (1985) Natural radioactivity of Australian building materials, industrial wastes and by-products. Health Phys 48(1):87–95
Günay O, Saç MM, Içhedef M, Taşköprü C (2018) Natural radioactivity analysis of soil samples from Ganos fault (GF). Int J Environ Sci Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13762-018-1793-9
UNSCEAR (2000) United Nations Scientific Committee on the effects of atomic radiation, sources and biological effects of ionizing radiation. United Nations, New York.
Sharma N, Singh J, Esakki SC, Tripathi RM (2016) A study of the natural radioactivity and radon exhalation rate in some cements used in India and its radiological significance. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 9(1):47–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2015.09.001
Lu X, Zhang X (2008) Measurement of natural radioactivity in beach sands from Rizhao bathing beach China. Radiat Protect Dosim 130:385–388. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncn053
SureshGandi M, Ravisankar R, Rajalakshmi A, Sivakumar S, Chandrasekaran A, Anand DP (2014) Measurements of natural gamma radiation in beach sediments of north east coast of Tamilnadu, India by gamma ray spectrometry with multivariate statistical approach. J Radiat Res Appl Sci 7:7–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrras.2013.11.001
Özmen SF, Cesur A, Boztosun I, Yavuz M (2014) Distribution of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in beach sand samples from Mediterranean coast of Turkey. Radiat Phys Chem 103:37–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2014.05.034
Margineanu RM, Duliu OG, Blebea-Apostu AM, Gomoiu C, Bercea S (2013) Environmental dose rate distribution along the Romanian Black sea shore. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 298:1191–1196. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-013-2545-4
Harb S (2008) Natural radioactivity and external gamma radiation exposure at the coastal Red sea in Egypt. Radiat Protect Dosim 130:376–384. https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncn064
Radenkovic MB, Alshikh SM, Andric VB, Miljanic SS (2009) Radioactivity of sand from several renowned public beaches and assessment of the corresponding environmental risks. J Serb Chem Soc 74(4):461–470
Khan K, Khalid MR, Jabbar A, Akhter P (2012) Appraisal of radioactivity and associated radiation hazards in sand samples off our rivers of Punjab province, Pakistan. Isot Environ Health Stud 48:286
Vukotic P, Borisov GI, Kuzmic VV, Antovic N, Dapcevic S, Uvarov VV, Kulakov VM (1998) Radioactivity on the Montenegrin Coast. Yugosl J Radio Anal Nucl Chem 235:151–157. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02385954
Kannan V, Rajan MP, Iyengar MA, Ramesh R (2002) Distribution of natural and anthropogenic radionuclides in soil and sand samples of Kalpakka (India) using hyper pure germanium (HPGe) gamma ray spectrometry. Appl Radiat Isot 57:109–119. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0969-8043(01)00262-7
TAEA (2010) Environmental Radioactivity Monitoring in Turkey, Technique Report, Ankara, pp 9–14
Acknowledgements
The author is thankful to the rector of Suleyman Demirel University and staf the Gamma Spectrometer Laboratory for helping with gamma spectrometric analysis.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declare that they have no confict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Günay, O. Assessment of natural radioactivity and radiological impacts in several beaches of Kadikoy, Istanbul. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 333, 223–234 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-09176-w
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-09176-w