Abstract
The work is focused on the development and validation of an analytical spot test method for 2.2.2 Kryptofix as a residue from synthesis of radiopharmaceutical substances. Applied innovative spot tests can be assessed as very fast and sensitive evidence tests. With their application, there is no need for an additional long-lasting chromatographic separation and target substance detection. Therefore, the advantage of these tests is the reduction of the number of instrumental methods. On the other hand, drawback of this method is slow degradation of the reagent. This leads to decrease in sensitivity.
Graphical Abstract
Similar content being viewed by others
Data availability
All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article.
References
International Atomic Energy Agency (2022) Increasing radiopharmaceutical production with cyclotrons, https://www.iaea.org/newscenter/news/increasing-radiopharmaceutical-production-with-cyclotrons; [accesed 1.12.2022]
Holler JG, Renmælmo B, Fjellaksel R (2022) Stability evaluation of [18F]FDG: literature study, stability studies from two different PET centres and future recommendations. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem https://doi.org/10.1186/s41181-022-00154-3
Hamacher K, Coenen HH, Stöcklin G (1986) Efficient stereospecific synthesis of no-carrier-added 2-[18F]-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose using aminopolyether supported nucleophilic substitution. J Nucl Med 27(2):235–238
Fowler SJ (2020) 18F-FDG radiosynthesis: a landmark in the history of PET (perspective on efficient stereospecific synthesis of no-carrier-added 2-[18F]fluoro-2-Deoxy-D-glucose using aminopolyether supported nucleophilic substitution. J Nucl Med 27:235–238 https://doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.120.250191
Yu S (2006) Review of 18F-FDG Synthesis and Quality Control. Biomed Imaging Interv J https://doi.org/10.2349/biij.2.4.e57
Schlyer DJ (2004) PET Tracers and Radiochemistry. Ann Acad Med Singapore 33(2):146–154
Ćoćić D, Manaa A, Siegl S, Puchta R, van Eldik R (2021) [3.2.1] and [4.1.1] isomers of Lehn’s [2.2.2] Cryptand: prediction of ion selectivity by quantum chemical calculations XV. Z Anorg Allg Chem 647(8):915–921
Seo WJ, Lee SB, Lee JS, Oh JS, Chi YD (2011) Fast and easy drying method for the preparation of adctivated [18F]fluoride using polymer Catridge. Bull Korean Chem Soc https://doi.org/10.5012/bkcs.2011.32.1.71
Kilian K, Chabecki B, Kiec J, Kunka A, Panas B, Wójcik M, Pekal A (2014) Synthesis, quality control and determination of metallic impurities in 18F-fludeoxyglucose production process. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rpor.2014.03.001
European Pharmacopoeia (2019) 10th ed. European Directorate for the Quality of Medicines & HealthCare of the Council of Europe, Strasbourg
Mock BH, Winkle W, Vawrek MT (1997) A Color Spot Test for the detection of Kryptofix 2.2.2 in [18F]FDG Preparations. Nucl Med Biol 24:193–195
Scott PJH, Kilbourn MR (2007) Determination of residual Kryptofix 222 levels in [18F] labeled radiopharmaceuticals for human use. Appl Radiat Isot https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apradiso.2007.04.020
Blevins DW, Rigney GH, Fang MY, Akula MR, Osborne DR (2019) Novel methods for the quantification of toxic, residual phase transfer catalyst in fluorine-18 labeled radiotracers. Nucl Med Biol. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.07.008
Kuntzsch M, Lamparter D, Brüggener N, Müller M, Kienzle GJ, Reischl G (2014) Development and successful validation of simple and fast TLC spot tests for determination of Kryptofix® 222 and tetrabutylammonium in 18F-labeled radiopharmaceuticals. Pharmaceuticals (Basel). https://doi.org/10.3390/ph7050621
Frei A, Rigby A, Yue TTC, Firth G, Ma M, Long NJ (2022) To chelate Thallium(I) - synthesis and evaluation of Kryptofix-based chelators for 201Tl. Dalton Trans. https://doi.org/10.1039/D2DT01074G
Acknowledgements
This study was supported by the Operation Program of Integrated Infrastructure for the project, UpScale of Comenius University Capacities and Competence in Research, Development and Innovation, ITMS2014+: 313021BUZ3, co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund.
Funding
All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection and analysis were performed by all authors. The first draft of the manuscript was written by DJ and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
Additional information
Publisher’s Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.
About this article
Cite this article
Krascsenits, Z., Juračka, D., Galamboš, M. et al. Faster detection method of 2.2.2 Kryptofix in radiopharmaceutical \(^{18}_{}{\text{F}}\)-FDG? Development and validation of analytical spot test. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 332, 1893–1899 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-08874-9
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-023-08874-9