Abstract
The purpose of the current study was to verify the dose distribution of an Intrabeam-50 kV IORT system using polymer gel dosimetry technique. Results of dose distribution evaluation using NIPAM polymer gel dosimetry were compared with those measured using an ionization chamber and simulated using MCNPX code. Results showed the calculated gamma index was less than 1 with 2% dose-difference/2 mm distance-to-agreement for comparison between NIPAM and ionization chamber as well as between NIPAM and MCNPX simulation. It was concluded that the NIPAM polymer gel dosimetry is useful for verifying the dose distribution of low energy X-ray IORT technique.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Armoogum KS, Parry JM, Souliman SK, Sutton DG, Mackay CD (2007) Functional intercomparison of intraoperative radiotherapy equipment—photon radiosurgery system. Radiat Oncol 2(1):11
Sethi A, Emami B, Small W Jr, Thomas TO (2018) Intraoperative radiotherapy With INTRABEAM: technical and dosimetric considerations. Front oncol 8:74
Watson PGF, Bekerat H, Papaconstadopoulos P, Davis S, Seuntjens J (2018) An investigation into the INTRABEAM miniature X-ray source dosimetry using ionization chamber and radiochromic film measurements. Med Phys 45(9):4274–4286
Baldock C, Deene YD, Doran S, Ibbott G, Jirasek A, Lepage M, McAuley KB, Oldham M, Schreiner LJ (2010) Polymer gel dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 55:R1–R63
Ibbott G (2004) Application of gel dosimetry. J Phys Conf Ser 3:58–77
Farhood B, Geraily G, Abtahi SMM (2019) A systematic review of clinical applications of polymer gel dosimeters in radiotherapy. Appl Radiat Isot 143:47–59
Kargar Shaker Langaroodi R, Abtahi SMM, Akbari ME (2019) Investigation of the radiological properties of various phantoms for their application in low energy X-rays dosimetry. Radiat Phys Chem 157:33–39
Anaraki V, Abtahi SMM, Farhood B, Ejtemai-fard M (2018) A novel method for increasing the sensitivity of NIPAM polymer gel dosimeter. Radiat Phys Chem 153:35–43
Senden RJ, Jean PD, McAuley KB, Schreiner LJ (2006) Polymer gel dosimeters with reduced toxicity: a preliminary investigation of the NMR and optical dose–response using different monomers. Phys Med Biol 51:3301–3314
Chang YJ, Chen CH, Hsieh BT (2014) Characterization of long-term dose stability of N-isopropylacrylamide polymer gel dosimetry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 301(3):765–780
Farhood B, Abtahi SMM, Geraily G, Ghorbani M, Mahdavi SR, Zahmatkesh MH (2018) Dosimetric characteristics of PASSAG as a new polymer gel dosimeter with negligible toxicity. Radiat Phys Chem 147:91–100
Maris TG, Pappas E, Boursianis T, Kalaitzakis G, Papanikolaou N, Watts L, Mazonakis M, Damilakis J (2016) 3D polymer gel MRI dosimetry using a 2D haste, A 2D TSE AND A 2D SE multi echo (ME) T2 relaxometric sequences: comparison of dosimetric results. Phys Med 32:238–239
De Deene Y, Van de Walle R, Achten E, De Wagter C (1998) Mathematical analysis and experimental investigation of noise in quantitative magnetic resonance imaging applied in polymer gel dosimetry. Signal Process 70:85–101
Low DA, Harms WB, Mutic S, Purdy JA (1998) A technique for the quantitative evaluation of dose distributions. Med Phys 25(5):656–661
Kraus-Tiefenbacher U, Scheda A, Steil V, Hermann B, Kehrer T, Bauer L, Melchert F, Wenz F (2005) Intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) for breast cancer using the intrabeamTM system. Tumori J 91(4):339–345
Herskind C, Steil V, Kraus-Tiefenbacher U, Wenz F (2005) Radiobiological aspects of intraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) with isotropic low-energy X rays for early-stage breast cancer. Radiat Res 163(2):208–215
Pelowitz D, ed. (2008) MCNPX users manual. LA-CP-07-1473. Vol. Version 2.6.0. Los Alamos National Laboratory
Clausen S, Schneider F, Jahnke L, Fleckenstein J, Hesser J, Glatting G, Wenz F (2012) A Monte Carlo based source model for dose calculation of endovaginal TARGIT brachytherapy with INTRABEAM and a cylindrical applicator. Z Med Phys 22(3):197–204
Society AN, American National Standard Neutron and Gamma-Ray Flux-to-Dose Rate Factors (N666). ANSI/ANS- 6.1.1–1997. LaGrange Park
Ghaseminejad S, Mesbahi A, Khajeali A, Farajollahi AR (2017) Dosimetric evaluation of small IMRT beamlets in the presence of bone inhomogeneity using NIPAM polymer gel and Monte Carlo simulation. Radiat Meas 105:62–69
Hsieh C-M, Leung JH, Ng Y-B, Cheng C-W, Sun J-C, Lin P-C, Hsieh B-T (2015) The feasibility assessment of radiation dose of movement 3D NIPAM gel by magnetic resonance imaging. Radiat Phys Chem 116:142–146
da Silveira MA, Pavoni JF, Salmon CEG, Baffa O (2014) Tridimensional dosimetry for prostate IMRT treatments using MAGIC-f gel by MRI. Radiat Meas 71:369–373
Maryanski MJ, Ibbott GS, Eastman P, Scultz RJ, Gore JC (1996) Radiation therapy dosimetry using magnetic resonance imaging of polymer gels. Med Phys 23:699–705
Abtahi SMM (2019) Response overshoot: a challenge for the application of polymer gel dosimeters. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 321(3):885–893
Abtahi SM (2016) Characteristics of a novel polymer gel dosimeter formula for MRI scanning: dosimetry, toxicity and temporal stability of response. Phys Med 32(9):1156–1161
Rabaeh KA, Basfar AA, Almousa AA, Devic S, Moftah B (2017) New normoxic N-(Hydroxymethyl)acrylamide based polymer gel for 3D dosimetry in radiation therapy. Phys Med 33:121–126
Abtahi SMM, Pourghanbari M (2018) A new less toxic polymer gel dosimeter: radiological characteristics and dosimetry properties. Phys Med 53:137–144
Hsieh L-L, Shieh J-I, Wei L-J, Wang Y-C, Cheng K-Y, Shih C-T (2017) Polymer gel dosimeters for pretreatment radiotherapy verification using the three-dimensional gamma evaluation and pass rate maps. Phys Med 37:75–81
Chun-Hsu Y, Wang-Ting H, Jia-Jung L, Shin-Ming H, Patrick Yuk-lun M, Bor-Tsung H, Yuan-Jen C (2014) A characteristic study on NIPAM gel dosimetry using optical-CT scanner. J Med Biol Eng 34(4):327–332
Chang Y-J, Lin J-Q, Hsieh B-T, Yao C-H, Chen C-H (2014) Dose evaluation of an NIPAM polymer gel dosimeter using gamma index. Radiat Phys Chem 104:180–187
Chang YJ, Lin JQ, Hsieh BT, Chen CH (2013) A study on the reproducibility and spatial uniformity of N-isopropylacrylamide polymer gel dosimetry using a commercial 10X fast optical-computed tomography scanner. J Phys Conf Ser 444:012067
Acknowledgements
This study was supported as a research project under Grant No. IKIU-10372 by Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran. The assistance of Mr. Seyed Mohsen Hoseini Daghigh is greatly appreciated. The authors acknowledge the Radiotherapy Department of Shohadae-Tajrish Hospital for their kind contribution to gel irradiation. The authors also acknowledge the Radiology Departments of Shohadae-Tajrish hospital, for their kind efforts in gel imaging.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Abtahi, S.M.M., Kargar Shaker Langaroodi, R. & Akbari, M.E. Dose distribution verification in intraoperative radiation therapy using an N-isopropyl acrylamide-based polymer gel dosimeter. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 324, 481–488 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07110-y
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-020-07110-y