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Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing clofibric acid by electron beam irradiation

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Abstract

In this study, clofibric acid (CA) degraded by the electron beam (EB) irradiation was investigated at CA initial concentration of 10 mg L−1. Results showed that more than 90% CA degradation is achieved at 0.5 kGy. The acid conditions (pH 3.00) and the addition of N2 remarkably improved the CA degradation efficiency. The addition of CO32−, HCO3− anions and H2O2 reduced the CA degradation efficiency. It showed that ·H had a primary role to play in the EB degradation of CA. The determination of byproducts showed hydrosilylation reaction of CA molecules. The byproducts were clofibric acid, chlorophenol, phenol, hydroquinone, benzoquinone and dihydroxybenzene. These results suggested that electron beam irradiation (EBI) can be used to eliminate CA.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11775138, 11675098 and 41473089), Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission (No. 13YZ017) and Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University (No. IRT13078).

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  1. Wenyan Shi, Qin Xu and Xin Duan theses authors have contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai, 200444, People’s Republic of China

    Wenyan Shi, Shuting Ji, Qin Xu, Xin Duan, Zijuan Song & Gang Xu

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  1. Wenyan Shi
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  2. Shuting Ji
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Correspondence to Wenyan Shi.

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Shi, W., Ji, S., Xu, Q. et al. Treatment of pharmaceutical wastewater containing clofibric acid by electron beam irradiation. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 322, 407–414 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-019-06701-8

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