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Oxidation of benzalkonium chloride by gamma irradiation: kinetics and decrease in toxicity

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Abstract

The gamma degradation of toxic non-oxidizing biocide dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (DDBAC) was investigated. The degradation of DDBAC achieved 70–100% depending on the initial concentration and the absorbed dose, but only 10–33% dissolved organic carbon was removed. The presence of NO3 −, HCO3 −, 2-propanol and tert-butanol inhibited the degradation of DDBAC. The DDBAC degradation rate constant ratios of ·OH, ·H and e −aq was calculated as 7.4:1.4:1. The acute toxicity of 10 mg L−1 DDBAC was removed by 60% at absorbed doses of 0.5–3.0 kGy. The results showed that gamma irradiation was effective to remove DDBAC and its toxicity.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University [IRT-13026]; and the Science & Technology project of Tsinghua University [20141081125].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control State Key Joint Laboratory, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China

    Zibin Xu, Nan Huang & Hong-ying Hu

  2. Shenzhen Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China

    Zibin Xu

  3. Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, People’s Republic of China

    Xue Zhang

  4. Shenzhen Environmental Science and New Energy Technology Engineering Laboratory, Tsinghua-Berkeley Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen, 518055, People’s Republic of China

    Hong-ying Hu

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  1. Zibin Xu
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  2. Xue Zhang
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  3. Nan Huang
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Correspondence to Xue Zhang or Hong-ying Hu.

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Xu, Z., Zhang, X., Huang, N. et al. Oxidation of benzalkonium chloride by gamma irradiation: kinetics and decrease in toxicity. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 312, 631–637 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5255-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-017-5255-5

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