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Rare earth elements determination and distribution patterns in granite rock samples by using INAA absolute method

Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry volume 303, pages 1999–2009 (2015)Cite this article

Abstract

This work determined elemental concentrations for rare earth elements (REE) in granite rock samples using the INAA absolute method. The accuracy of INAA absolute method was determined by analyzing two of USGS STM-1 and MAG-1 standards. The analytical results agreed reasonably well with certified values. In general, all analytical results had Z score less than 1.0 excepting Yb. The REE found in granite rock samples ranged from 116 to 325 mg kg−1. The total content of REE in granite rock samples was 206 mg kg−1. Patterns for REE were also studied in the present work.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank UniversitiTeknologi Malaysia (UTM) for providing financial support through Research University Grant Scheme (RUGS), Project Number (Q.J130000.2526.07H7) and Postdoctoral Research University Fellowship (PDRU) Vote Number (Q.J130000.21A2.01E16). The authors wish to gratefully acknowledge the Malaysian Nuclear Agency (NM) staff for their cooperation. Special thanks to Prof. Dr. Wan Fuad Wan Hassan, Hanson Quarry Products (Kulai), Kim Seng Quarry and the Ulu Choh quarry (Kamad Quarry) for providing the samples for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia UTM, 81310, Skudai, Johor, Malaysia

    I. A. Alnour & H. Wagiran

  2. Department of Physics, Faculty of Pure and Applied Science, International University of Africa, 12223, Khartoum, Sudan

    I. A. Alnour

  3. Faculty of Defence Science and Technology, National Defence University of Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

    N. Ibrahim

  4. Malaysian Nuclear Agency (NM), Bangi, 43000, Kajang, Selangor D.E, Malaysia

    S. Hamzah & M. S. Elias

  5. Chemistry Department, Faculty of Resource Science & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, Malaysia

    B. S. Wee

Authors
  1. I. A. Alnour
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  2. H. Wagiran
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  3. N. Ibrahim
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  4. S. Hamzah
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  5. B. S. Wee
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  6. M. S. Elias
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Correspondence to I. A. Alnour.

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Alnour, I.A., Wagiran, H., Ibrahim, N. et al. Rare earth elements determination and distribution patterns in granite rock samples by using INAA absolute method. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 303, 1999–2009 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3756-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-3756-z

Keywords

  • Rare earth element (REE)
  • Instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA)
  • Rotary rack (RR)
  • Pneumatic transfer system (PTS)
  • Chondrite-normalized