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Rapid determination of silver in cultivated Japanese and South Korean oysters and Japanese rock oysters using the 24.6-s neutron activation product 110Ag and estimation of its average daily intake

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Abstract

Soft tissues of cultivated Japanese (Miyagi Prefecture) and South Korean (Koje-do and Kosong) oysters and Japanese rock oysters (Honshu Island) were analyzed to measure silver levels. The soft tissues, namely hepatopancreas, gill, muscle, and mantle were separated, freeze-dried, pulverized, and analyzed by an instrumental neutron activation analysis method in conjunction with compton suppression spectrometry (INAA-CSS). The method consisted of the irradiation of samples in a neutron flux of 5 × 1011 cm−2 s−1 using the rapid transfer system in an inner pneumatic irradiation site of the Dalhousie University SLOWPOKE-2 reactor (DUSR) facility for 12–15 s, decay for 20 s, and counting for 60 s. The 657.8-keV gamma-ray of the 24.6-s nuclide 110Ag was used for assaying silver. The method was validated using NIST, NRC and NIES certified reference materials. An absolute detection limit of 0.05 μg silver using NIST SRM 1566b Oyster Tissue was achieved. About 10–50 times higher levels of silver were found in cultivated Japanese oysters compared to the South Korean ones. The silver concentrations in cultivated oysters in Miyagi Prefecture showed the following trend: gill > mantle > hepatopancreas > muscle as well as on the age. Rock oysters generally had higher silver content compared to cultivated oysters. A very preliminary value of about 0.466 μg silver average intake per person per day was estimated from the consumption of oysters by the people living in the Sendai city of Miyagi Prefecture.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank (i) Dr. J. Holzbecher and Mr. Blain Zwicker of the DUSR facility for their assistance in irradiation and counting; (ii) Dr. T. Matsutani of Ishinomaki Senshu University, Dr. H. Tamate of Yamagata University, Mr. Shigeru Watanabe in Higashimatsushima City, Miyagi Prefecture and MPFTI for collecting oysters and discussions; (iii) KUR for irradiation and counting; (iv) the Mitsubishi Foundation for financial assistance to M. Fukushima; and (v) the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for a Discovery Grant to A. Chatt.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Ishinomaki Senshu University, Minamisakai, Ishinomaki, Miyagi, 986-8580, Japan

    M. Fukushima

  2. Trace Analysis Research Centre, Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, Room 212, PO Box 15000, Halifax, NS, B3H 4R2, Canada

    A. Chatt

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  1. M. Fukushima
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Correspondence to M. Fukushima.

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Fukushima, M., Chatt, A. Rapid determination of silver in cultivated Japanese and South Korean oysters and Japanese rock oysters using the 24.6-s neutron activation product 110Ag and estimation of its average daily intake. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 296, 563–571 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-012-2122-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-012-2122-2

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