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Rare earths elements in phosphorite and granulated single super-phosphate fertilizers of Pakistan, a study using instrumental neutron activation analysis

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Abstract

Sensitive nondestructive instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA) technique has been applied for the determination of rare earth elements (REEs) (Ce, Eu, La, Lu, Sm, Tb and Yb) in phosphate rocks (PR) and granulated single super-phosphate (GSSP) fertilizer samples from Hazara district of Pakistan. The comparison of the PR with product fertilizers shows that most of the quantified REEs were found to be in lower contents in the fertilizers. Six fertilizer samples with different N, P and K ratio for distinctive application to plants were also characterized. The REEs in these showed irregular patterns that can be attributed to difference in their manufacturing and chemical processes. The REEs contents of local phosphate fertilizer were found to be lower in comparison to the values cited in the literature; however Ce is relatively high. For quality assurance fair agreement was found between the results obtained for reference materials IAEA SL-1 (Lake Sediment) and GSJ-JR-1 (Rhyolite).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Chemistry Division, Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan

    S. Waheed & N. Siddique

  2. Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, P.O. Nilore, Islamabad, 45650, Pakistan

    Sabiha-Javied, R. Shakoor & M. Tufail

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  1. S. Waheed
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  2. Sabiha-Javied
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  3. N. Siddique
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  4. R. Shakoor
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Correspondence to S. Waheed.

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Waheed, S., Sabiha-Javied, Siddique, N. et al. Rare earths elements in phosphorite and granulated single super-phosphate fertilizers of Pakistan, a study using instrumental neutron activation analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 289, 521–528 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1112-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-011-1112-0

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