Skip to main content
Log in

Rare-earth elemental analysis of banded iron-formations by instrumental neutron activation analysis

  • Published:
Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Representative banded iron-formations (BIFs) from various locations of the eastern Indian geological belt were investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). After pre-concentration, irradiation was carried out using a neutron flux of 5.1·1016 m−2·s−1, 1.0·1015 m−2·s−1 and 3.7·1015 m−2s−1, with thermal, epi-thermal and fast neutrons, respectively. The activities in these samples were measured by a HPGe detector. Ten rare-earth elements, such as La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Ho, Tm, Yb and Lu, have been qualitatively identified and quantitatively estimated in these samples. The present investigation is an example of employing a pre-concentration method for high iron-containing ores prior to neutron activation analysis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. S. J. Mojsis, G. Arrhenius, K. D. Kckeegan, T. M. Harrison, A. P. Nutman, C. R. L. Friend, Nature, 384 (1996) 55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. J. F. Kasting, Science, 259 (1993) 920.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. P. K. Nayak, D. Das, V. Vijayan, P. Singh, V. Chakravortty, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B215 (2004) 252.

    Google Scholar 

  4. P. K. Nayak, D. Das, V. Vijayan, P. Singh, V. Chakravortty, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B184 (2001) 649.

    Google Scholar 

  5. P. K. Nayak, V. Vijayan, V. Chakravortty, D. Bhatta, P. Singh, Indian J. Phys., 77a (2003) 503.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Xin-Pei Ma, G. R. Palmer, J. D. Macarthur, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B22 (1987) 49.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. C. G. Chol, G. Remond, D. B. Isabelle, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B109/110 (1996) 606.

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. K. Mohanty, S. K. Das, V. Vijayan, D. Sengupta, S. K. Saha, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B211 (2003) 145.

    Google Scholar 

  9. V. Balaram, Trends Anal. Chem., 15 (1996) 475.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. T. Prasad Rao, V. M. Viju, Critical Revs Anal. Chem., 30 (2000) 179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. R. Acharya, A. V. R. Reddy, IANCAS Bull., 2(2) (2003) 111.

    Google Scholar 

  12. S. Acharya, G. C. Amstutz, S. K. Sarangi, in: Ore Genesis: The State of The Art, G. C. Amstutz et al. (Eds), Springer-Verlag, 1982, p. 442.

  13. P. K. Nayak, D. Das, P. Singii, V. Chakravortty, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 260 (2004) 19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. G. H. S. V. Prasad Rao, Y. G. K. Murthy, M. N. Deekshhitulu, Proc. 22nd Intern. Geol. Congr., Part 10, 1964, p. 72.

  15. A. K. Banerjee, J. Geol. Surv. Ind., 15(2) (1974) 150.

    Google Scholar 

  16. S. V. P. Iyengar, Y. G. K. Murthy, Rec. Geol. Soc. Ind., 112(3) (1982) 1.

    Google Scholar 

  17. T. Majumdar, K. L. Chakraborty, A. Bhattacharyya, Mineral. Deposita, 17 (1982) 107.

    Google Scholar 

  18. S. Acharya, Ind. J. Earth Sci., Seism. Seminar Volume, 1984, p. 19.

  19. P. K. Nayak, K. J. Volkers, B. Wierczinski, S. Lahiri, Discussion Meeting on Applications of Radiotracers in Biological, Chemical and Environmental Sciences, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 15–16 April, 2004, p. 23.

  20. L. Lobrato, L. Ribeiro-Rodrigues, F. Vieira, Mineral. Deposita, 36(3–4) (2001) 249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. T. Majumdar, J. E. Whitley, K. L. Chakraborty, Chem. Geol., 45 (1984) 203.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. P. K. Nayak, Characterization of Iron Ores of Orissa by PIXE, EDXRF and Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Ph.D. Thesis, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India, 2003 (unpublished).

    Google Scholar 

  23. P. K. Nayak, V. Vijayan, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B245 (2006) 505.

    Google Scholar 

  24. R. M. K. Khan, S. Das Sharma, D. J. Patil, S. M. Naqvi, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60 (1996) 3285.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. P. M. Ashley, B. G. Lottermoser, J. M. Westaway, Mineralogy Petrology, 64 (1998) 187.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. R. Frei, A. Polat, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 253 (2007) 266.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. M. Bau, P. Dulski, Precambrian Res., 79 (1996) 37.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. R. Ravisankar, E. Manikandan, M. Dheenathayalu, Brahmaji Rao, N. P. Seshadreesan, K. G. M. Nair, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B251 (2006) 496.

    Google Scholar 

  29. S. S. Sun, W. F. Mcdonough, in: Magmatism in the Ocean Basins, A. D. Saunders, M. J. Norry (Eds), Geological Society, London, Special Publication 42, 1989, p. 313.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. K. Nayak.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Nayak, P.K., Wierczinski, B. & Lahiri, S. Rare-earth elemental analysis of banded iron-formations by instrumental neutron activation analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 278, 179–184 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-007-7170-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-007-7170-7

Keywords

Navigation