Abstract
Representative banded iron-formations (BIFs) from various locations of the eastern Indian geological belt were investigated by instrumental neutron activation analysis (INAA). After pre-concentration, irradiation was carried out using a neutron flux of 5.1·1016 m−2·s−1, 1.0·1015 m−2·s−1 and 3.7·1015 m−2s−1, with thermal, epi-thermal and fast neutrons, respectively. The activities in these samples were measured by a HPGe detector. Ten rare-earth elements, such as La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Tb, Ho, Tm, Yb and Lu, have been qualitatively identified and quantitatively estimated in these samples. The present investigation is an example of employing a pre-concentration method for high iron-containing ores prior to neutron activation analysis.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S. J. Mojsis, G. Arrhenius, K. D. Kckeegan, T. M. Harrison, A. P. Nutman, C. R. L. Friend, Nature, 384 (1996) 55.
J. F. Kasting, Science, 259 (1993) 920.
P. K. Nayak, D. Das, V. Vijayan, P. Singh, V. Chakravortty, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B215 (2004) 252.
P. K. Nayak, D. Das, V. Vijayan, P. Singh, V. Chakravortty, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B184 (2001) 649.
P. K. Nayak, V. Vijayan, V. Chakravortty, D. Bhatta, P. Singh, Indian J. Phys., 77a (2003) 503.
Xin-Pei Ma, G. R. Palmer, J. D. Macarthur, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B22 (1987) 49.
C. G. Chol, G. Remond, D. B. Isabelle, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B109/110 (1996) 606.
A. K. Mohanty, S. K. Das, V. Vijayan, D. Sengupta, S. K. Saha, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B211 (2003) 145.
V. Balaram, Trends Anal. Chem., 15 (1996) 475.
T. Prasad Rao, V. M. Viju, Critical Revs Anal. Chem., 30 (2000) 179.
R. Acharya, A. V. R. Reddy, IANCAS Bull., 2(2) (2003) 111.
S. Acharya, G. C. Amstutz, S. K. Sarangi, in: Ore Genesis: The State of The Art, G. C. Amstutz et al. (Eds), Springer-Verlag, 1982, p. 442.
P. K. Nayak, D. Das, P. Singii, V. Chakravortty, J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem., 260 (2004) 19.
G. H. S. V. Prasad Rao, Y. G. K. Murthy, M. N. Deekshhitulu, Proc. 22nd Intern. Geol. Congr., Part 10, 1964, p. 72.
A. K. Banerjee, J. Geol. Surv. Ind., 15(2) (1974) 150.
S. V. P. Iyengar, Y. G. K. Murthy, Rec. Geol. Soc. Ind., 112(3) (1982) 1.
T. Majumdar, K. L. Chakraborty, A. Bhattacharyya, Mineral. Deposita, 17 (1982) 107.
S. Acharya, Ind. J. Earth Sci., Seism. Seminar Volume, 1984, p. 19.
P. K. Nayak, K. J. Volkers, B. Wierczinski, S. Lahiri, Discussion Meeting on Applications of Radiotracers in Biological, Chemical and Environmental Sciences, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 15–16 April, 2004, p. 23.
L. Lobrato, L. Ribeiro-Rodrigues, F. Vieira, Mineral. Deposita, 36(3–4) (2001) 249.
T. Majumdar, J. E. Whitley, K. L. Chakraborty, Chem. Geol., 45 (1984) 203.
P. K. Nayak, Characterization of Iron Ores of Orissa by PIXE, EDXRF and Mössbauer Spectroscopy, Ph.D. Thesis, Utkal University, Bhubaneswar, India, 2003 (unpublished).
P. K. Nayak, V. Vijayan, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B245 (2006) 505.
R. M. K. Khan, S. Das Sharma, D. J. Patil, S. M. Naqvi, Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta, 60 (1996) 3285.
P. M. Ashley, B. G. Lottermoser, J. M. Westaway, Mineralogy Petrology, 64 (1998) 187.
R. Frei, A. Polat, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 253 (2007) 266.
M. Bau, P. Dulski, Precambrian Res., 79 (1996) 37.
R. Ravisankar, E. Manikandan, M. Dheenathayalu, Brahmaji Rao, N. P. Seshadreesan, K. G. M. Nair, Nucl. Instr. Meth., B251 (2006) 496.
S. S. Sun, W. F. Mcdonough, in: Magmatism in the Ocean Basins, A. D. Saunders, M. J. Norry (Eds), Geological Society, London, Special Publication 42, 1989, p. 313.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nayak, P.K., Wierczinski, B. & Lahiri, S. Rare-earth elemental analysis of banded iron-formations by instrumental neutron activation analysis. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 278, 179–184 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-007-7170-7
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-007-7170-7