Abstract
A green synthesis of polymer clay nanocomposites (PCNs) was carried out by in situ polymerization for their potential in order to remove the heavy metal from aqueous solution. At first stage, cloisite was functionalized using Vinyl Triethoxy Silane (VTES) to generate radicals on its surface. After functionalization, the monomer was grafted at these functional sites. The grafting was induced by varying initiator ratio (1.0 2.0 and 3. 0wt %). The maximum grafting of 78% was obtained with 2.0%wt initiator. To enhance number of active sorption sites the PNCs were further modified using hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH.HCl). The characterizations of prepared samples were carried out via Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), X- Ray Diffraction (XRD), Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The adsorption potential of prepared sorbents was checked for lead metal ions via Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The prepared PCNs showed 92% adsorption potential of Pb(II) ion at 5.0 pH with 240 min contact time.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Thoreau HD (1895) Familiar Letters: The Writing of Henry David Thoreau. Bostan and New York: Houghton Miffen and Company. MDCCCVI
Phan D, Debaufort F, Voilley A, Luu D (2009) Biopolymer interactions affect the functional properties of edible films based on agar, cassava starch and arabinoxylan blends. J Food Eng 90:548–558
Ebenstein A (2012) The consequences of industrialization: evidence from water pollution and digestive cancers in China. Rev Econ Stat REV ECON STAT 94(1):186–201
Korça B, Demaku S (2021) Assessment of Contamination with Heavy Metals in Environment: Water, STERILE, Sludge and Soil around Kishnica Landfill. Kosovo Polish J Environ Stud 30:671–677
Yang J, Zhou M, Yu K, Gin KYH, Hassan M, He Y (2022) Heavy metals in a typical city-river-reservoir system of East China: Multi-phase distribution, microbial response and ecological risk. J Environ Sci 112:343–354
Krstić V (2021) Some Effective Methods for Treatment of Wastewater from Cu Production. Water Pollution and Remediation: Heavy Metals. Springer, Cham, pp 313–440
Tomno RM, Nzeve JK, Mailu SN, Shitanda D, Waswa F (2020) Heavy metal contamination of water, soil and vegetables in urban streams in Machakos municipality. Kenya Scientific African 9:00539
Usman M, Ahmed A, Yu B, Wang S, Shen Y, Cong H (2021) Simultaneous adsorption of heavy metals and organic dyes by β-Cyclodextrin-Chitosan based cross-linked adsorbent. Carbohydr Polym 255:117486
Saleh MO, Hashem MA, Akl M (2021) Removal of Hg (II) metal ions from environmenta water samples using chemically modified natural sawdust. Egypt J Chem 64(2):1027–1034
Xue S, Xiao Y, Wang G, Fan J, Wan K, He Q, Miao Z (2021) Adsorption of heavy metals in water by modifying Fe3O4 nanoparticles with oxidized humic acid. COLLOID SURF A-PHYSICOCHEM ENG ASP 616:126333
Singh E, Kumar A, Mishra R, You S, Singh L, Kumar S, Kumar R (2021) Pyrolysis of waste biomass and plastics for production of biochar and its use for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. Bioresour Technol 320:124278
Ganesan S (2021) Waste Fruit Cortexes for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Water. Green Adsorbents to Remove Metals, Dyes and Boron from Polluted Water. Springer, Cham, pp 323–350
Zhang T, Wang W, Zhao Y, Bai H, Wen T, Kang S, Komarneni S (2020) Removal of heavy metals and dyes by clay-based adsorbents: From natural clays to 1D and 2D nano-composites. Chem Eng J 127574
Mnasri-Ghnimi S, Frini-Srasra N (2019) Removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions by adsorption using single and mixed pillared clays. Appl Clay Sci 179:105151
Zhou Q, Liu Y, Li T, Zhao H, Alessi DS, Liu W, Konhauser KO (2020) Cadmium adsorption to clay-microbe aggregates: Implications for marine heavy metals cycling. GCA 290:124–136
Zhang J, Manias E, Wilkie A (2008) Polymerically Modified Layered Silicates: An Effective Route to Nanocomposites. J nanoscience nanotech 8:1597–1615
Sun L, Shi Zh, Wang H, Zhang K, Dastan D, Sun K, Fan R (2020) Ultrahigh Discharge Efficiency and Improved Energy Density in Rationally Designed Bilayer Polyetherimide-BaTiO3/P(VDF-HFP) Composites. J Mater Chem A 8:5750–5757
Demirbas O, Alkan M, Dog˘an M, Turhan Y, Namli H, Turan P (2007) Electrokinetic and adsorption properties of sepiolite modified by 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane. J Hazard Mater 149:650–656
Zhu X, Yang J, Dastan D, Garmestani H, Fan R, Shi Zh (2019) Fabrication of core-shell structured Ni@BaTiO3 scaffolds for polymer composites with ultrahigh dielectric constant and low loss. Compos Part A 125:105521
Pradhan NK, Das M, Palve YP, Nayak PL (2012) Synthesis and Characterization of Soya protein Isolate/Cloisite 30B (MMT) Nanocomposite for Controlled Release of Anticancer Drug Curcumin. I J Res Pharm Bio Sc 3(4):1513–1522
Sun L, Shi Z, Liang L, Wei S, Wang H, Dastan D, Sun K, Fan R (2020) Layer-structured BaTiO3/P(VDF-HFP) composites with concurrently improved dielectric permittivity and breakdown strength toward capacitive energy-storage applications. J Mater Chem C 8:10257–10265
Aslani CK, Amik O (2021) Active Carbon/PAN composite adsorbent for uranium removal: modeling adsorption isotherm data, thermodynamic and kinetic studies. Appl Radiat Isot 168:109474
Park Y, Lee Y C, Shin WS, Choi SJ (2010) Removal of cobalt, strontium and cesium from radioactive laundry wastewater by ammonium molybdophosphate–polyacrylonitrile (AMP–PAN). Chem Eng J 162(2)685–695
Faghihian H, Iravani M, Moayed M, Ghannadi-Maragheh M (2013) Preparation of a novel PAN–zeolite nanocomposite for removal of Cs+ and Sr2+ from aqueous solutions: Kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies. Chem Eng J 222:41–48
Feng ZQ, Yuan X, Wang T (2020) Porous polyacrylonitrile/graphene oxide nanofibers designed for high efficient adsorption of chromium ions (VI) in aqueous solution. Chem Eng J 392:123730
Moroi G, Bilba D, Balba N (2004) Thermal degradation of mercury chelated polyacrylamidoxime. Polym r Degrad Stab 84:207–214
Sun S, Shi Z, Sun L, Liang L, Dastan D, He B, Wang H, Huang M, Fan R (2021) Achieving Concurrent High Energy Density and Efficiency in All Polymer Layered Paraelectric/Ferroelectric Composites via Introducing a Moderate Layer, ACS Appl Mater Interfaces
Sun L, Liang L, Shi Z, Wang H, Xie P, Dastan D, Sun K, Fan R (2020) Optimizing Strategy for the Dielectric Performance of Topological-structured Polymer Nanocomposites by Rationally Tailoring the Spatial Distribution of Nanofillers. Eng Sci 12:95–105
Wu C, Akhilesh KG, Patrick JS, Schmidt G (2010) Development of Biomedical Polymer-Silicate Nanocomposites: A Materials Science Perspective. Mater 3:2986–3005
Zahra N (2012) Lead removal from water by low cost adsorbent: A Review. Pakistan J Anal Chem 13(1):1–8
Sahoo, P. K, Biswal, T, Samal R (2011) Microwave-assisted preparation of biodegradable water absorbent polyacrylonitrile/montmorillonite clay nanocomposite. J Nanotechnol 2011
Gao B, Gao Y, Li Y (2010) Preparation and chelation adsorption property of composites chelating material poly (amidoxime)/ SiO2 towards heavy metal ions. Chem Eng J 158:542–549
Badawy SM, Sokker HH, Dessouki AM (2006) Chelating Polymer Granules Prepared by Radiation- Induced Homopolymerization. II Characterizations J App Polymr Sc 99:1180–1187
Dastan D, Chaure N, Kartha M (2017) Surfactants assisted solvothermal derived titania nanoparticles: synthesis and simulation, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron 28:7784–7796
Asadzadeh M, Tajabadi F, Dastan D, Sangpour P, Shi Z, Taghavinia N (2021) Facile deposition of porous fluorine doped tin oxide by Dr. Blade method for capacitive applications. Ceram Int 47:5487–5494
Rehan M, Nada AA, Khattab TA, Abdelwahed NA, Abou El-Kheir AA (2020) Development of multifunctional polyacrylonitrile/silver nanocomposite films: Antimicrobial activity, catalytic activity, electrical conductivity, UV protection and SERS-active sensor. J MATER RES TECHNOL 9(4):9380–9394
Espinola JGP, Oliveira SF, Lemus WES, Souza AG, Airoldi C, Moreira JCA (2000) Chemisorption of Cu-II and Co-II chlorides and beta-diketonates on silica gel functionalized with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane. Colloids Surf A 166:45–50
Alakhras FA, Dari KA, Mubarak MS (2005) Synthesis and chelating properties of some poly(amidoxime-hydroxamic acid) resins toward some trivalent lanthanide metal ions. J App Polymr Sc 97:691–696
Horzum N, Shahwan T, Parlak O, Demir MM (2012) Synthesis of amidoximated polyacrylonitrile fibers and its application for sorption of aqueous uranyl ions and continuous flow. Chem Eng J 213:41–49
Saeed K, Haider S, Oh T, Park S (2008) Preparation of amidoxime- modified polyacrylonitrile (PAN- oxime) nano- fiber and their applications to metal ion adsorption. J Mem Sc 322:400–405
Akbari B, Pirhadi MT, Zandrahimi M (2011) Particle size characterization of nanoparticles–a practical approach .IUST 2(2):48-56
Kim Y, White JL (2005) Formation of Polymer Nanocomposites with Various Organoclays. J Appl Polymr Sc 96:1888–1896
Paul M, Alexandre M, Dege´e P, Calberg C, Je´roˆme R, Dubois P (2003) Exfoliated Polylactide/Clay Nanocomposites by In-Situ Coordination-Insertion Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 24:561–566
Karahaliou EK, Tarantili, (2009) PA Preparation of poly(Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene)/ montmorillonite nanocomposites and degradation studies during xxtrusion reprocessing. J Appl Polymr Sc 113:2271–2281
Xue TJ, McKinney MA, Wilkie CA (1997) The thermal degradation of polyacrylonitrile. Polym Degrad Stab 58:193–202
Preston CML, Amarasinghe G, Hopewell JL, Shanks RA, Mathys Z (2004) Polym Degrad Stab 84(3):533–544
Malik DS, Jain CK, Yadav AK (2017) Removal of heavy metals from emerging cellulosic low-cost adsorbents: a review. Appl Water Sci 7(5):2113–2136
Jiao Y, Huang Z, Hu W, Li X, Yu Q, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Dastan D (2021) In-situ hybrid Cr3C2 and γ'-Ni3(Al, Cr) strengthened Ni matrix composites: microstructure and enhanced properties. Mater Sci Eng A 820:141524
Tan G. L, Tang D, Dastan D, Jafari A, Shi Z, Chu QQ, Silva JPB, Yin XT (2021) Structures, Morphological Control, and Antibacterial Performance of Tungsten Oxide Thin Films. Ceram Int 17153–17160
Jiao Y, Huang Z, Hu W, Li X, Yu Q, Wang Y, Zhou Y, Dastan D (2021) In-situ hybrid Cr3C2 and γ'-Ni3(Al, Cr) strengthened Ni matrix composites: microstructure and enhanced properties. Mater Sci Eng A 820:141524
Dastan D (2017) Effect of preparation methods on the properties of titania nanoparticles: solvothermal versus sol-gel. Appl Phys A 123:699
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Batool, R., Altaf, F., Hameed, M.U. et al. In situ chemical synthesis and characterization of PAN/clay nanocomposite for potential removal of Pb+2 ions from aqueous media. J Polym Res 28, 312 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-021-02674-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-021-02674-z