Abstract
Expandable core-shell beads were synthesized by dosing methyl methacrylate (and styrene) in a constant rate and polymerizing in the presence of polystyrene seeds and pentane. The morphological studies of beads indicated that there were larger poly(methyl methacrylate)-rich domains near the shell. The sizes of these domains were decreased towards the core of the particles. For better surveying the likely structures of domains and the extent of expansion agent diffusion, the beads having the shells formed with copolymerization of styrene and methyl methacrylate in the presence of polystyrene seeds were studied. From the morphological studies, the parallel regular and the onion-like structures were recognizable. In addition, another shell was formed around the dispersed phase showing a complex core/shell structure both in particle and in domain scales. The pentane content in the beads with copolymerized styrene and methyl methacrylate monomers on the polystyrene seeds was increased compared to the beads having the shells of pure poly(methyl methacrylate). This was because the onset of gel effect was longer with adding the styrene to methyl methacrylate monomer hence there was more time for expansion agent to diffuse into the beads. The different amounts of pentane distributed in polystyrene- and poly(methyl methacrylate)-rich phases were discussed in terms of the changes in glass transition temperature of two phases.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Zhang Q, Han Y, Wang W (2010) J Colloid Interface Sci 342:62
Lin W, Biegler LT, Jacobson AM (2010) Chem Eng Sci 65:4350
Gonçalves OH, Machado RAF, Asua JM (2009) Polymer 50:375
Kotoulas C, Kiparissides C (2006) Chem Eng Sci 61:332
Kirsch S, Doerk A, Bartsch E, Spiess H (1999) Macromolecules 32:4508
Kim JW, Suh KD (2008) J Ind Eng Chem 14:1
Takekoh R, Okubo M, Araki T (2005) Macromolecules 38:542
Lee J, Ha JU, Choe S (2006) J Colloid Interface Sci 298:663
Okubo M, Shiozaki M (1993) Polym Int 30:469
Okubo M, Shiozaki M, Tsujihiro M (1991) Colloid Polym Sci 269:222
Besteti MD, Freire DMG, Pinto JC (2011) Macromol React Eng 5:518
Mogi Y, Nomura M, Kotsuji H (1994) Macromolecules 27:6755
Wilmes GM, Durkee DA, Balsara NP (2006) Macromolecules 39:2435
Schulze JS, Moon B, Lodge TP (2001) Macromolecules 34:200
Gonçalves OH, Asua JM, de Araújo PHH (2008) Macromolecules 41:6960
Saiz E, Floudas G, Fytas G (1991) Macromolecules 24:5796
Mehravar E, Abbasi F, Heydarpoor S (2012) J Cell Plast 48:161
Sugiyama K, Oie T, El-Magd AA (2010) Macromolecules 43:1403
Kitayama T, Ute K, Yamamoto M (1991) Polym Bull 25:683
Kongkaewa A, Wootthikanokkhana J (1999) Sci Asia 25:35
Guo Z, Yang G, Wan D (2001) J Appl Polym Sci 82:1474
Gonçalves OH, Staudt T, de Araújo PHH, Machado RAF (2009) Mater Sci Eng C 29:479
Liu D, Li H, Noon MS (2005) Macromolecules 38:4416
Scheirs J, Priddy D (2003) Modern styrenic polymers: polystyrenes and styrenic copolymers. Wiley, Chichester
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Heydarpoor, S., Abbasi, F., Jalili, K. et al. Synthesis of core-shell PS/PMMA expandable particles via seeded suspension polymerization. J Polym Res 22, 151 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-015-0789-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-015-0789-0