Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Microwave assisted improvement in physico-mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene imine)/gelatin blends

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Polymer Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Blends of poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly-N-acyl ethyleneimine (PEI) and gelatin (PVA/ PEI/Gel) in the weight ratios 100/0/2, 95/5/2, 90/10/2, 85/15/2, 80/20/2 and 70/30/2 were prepared by solution casting method. The effects of poly (ethylene imine) component in the blend and microwave irradiation on the mechanical and microstructural properties have been investigated using various techniques along with Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy (PALS). We observed tremendous improvement in mechanical properties after microwave irradiation for 60 s in 5 wt% of PEI component blend. These results are supported by the SEM data as well the optical data. The free volume data from positron results showed minimum free volume at 5 wt% of PEI after 60 s of irradiation due to cross linking through hydrogen bond formation and possible estrification among the blend components. These results correlate well the mechanical properties like tensile strength and modulus.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Scheme 2
Scheme 3
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Utracki LA (1990) Polymer alloys and blends-thermodynamics & rheology. Hanser, New York

    Google Scholar 

  2. Srinivasa PC, Ramesh MN, Kumar KR, Tharanathan RN (2003) Carbohydr Polym 53:431. doi:10.1016/S0144-8617(03)00105-X

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Cassu SN, Felisberti MI (1997) Polymer (Guildf) 38:3907. doi:10.1016/S0032-3861(96)00959-7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Paul DR, Newman S (1978) Polymer blends (Eds), Academic, New York

  5. Olabisi O, Robeson LM, Shaw MT (1979) Polymer—polymer miscibility. Academic, New York

    Google Scholar 

  6. Fried JR (2000) Polymer science & technology prentice—Hall of India, New Delhi

  7. Peppas NA, Benner RE (1980) J Biomater 1:158. doi:10.1016/0142-9612(80)90039-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bajpai AK, Bajpai J, Shukla S (2002) React Funct Polym 50:9. doi:10.1016/S1381-5148(01)00085-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Kazuo Y, Toshihisa T (1999) Studies on Advanced Fiber/Text Science & Technology, 31

  10. Peppas NA, Merrill EW (1977) J Biomed Mater Res 11:423. doi:10.1002/jbm.820110309

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Cascone MG, Lazzeri L, Sparvoli E, Scatena M, Serino LP, Danti S (2004) J Mater Sci Mater Med 15:1309. doi:10.1007/s10856-004-5739-z

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Bigi A, Panzavolta S, Rubini K (2004) Biomaterials 25:5675. doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2004.01.033

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Pal K, Banthia AK, Majumdar DK (2007) J Mater Sci Mater Med 18:1889. doi:10.1007/s10856-007-3061-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Tanaka T, Tanigami T, Yamaura K (1998) Polym Int 45:175. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199802)45:2<175::AID-PI883>3.0.CO;2-K

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Tanaka T, Ohnishi S, Yamaura K (1999) Polym Int 48:811. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199909)48:9<811::AID-PI221>3.0.CO;2-V

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Heoyangil Y (2006) Polymer (Korea) 30:563

    Google Scholar 

  17. Mu L, Feng SS (2001) J Control Release 76:239. doi:10.1016/S0168-3659(01)00440-0

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Cascone MG (1997) Polym Int 43:55. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-0126(199705) 43:1<55::AID-PI762>3.0.CO;2-#

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Manjula MK, Lokanatha Rai KM (2008) Bulg Chem Commun (Camb) 2795

  20. Gant TG, Meyers AI (1994) Tetrahedron 50:2297. doi:10.1016/S0040-4020(01)86953-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Fry EM (1950) J Org Chem 15:802. doi:10.1021/jo01150a014

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Goethals EJ (1989) Comprehensive Polymer Science, Allen G, Bevington JC. (Eds), Pergamon, Oxford: 3:837

  23. Hrkach JS, Matyjaszewski K (1992) Macromolecules 25:2070. doi:10.1021/ma00034a002

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Gedye RN, Smith F, Westaway K, Ali H, Baldisera L, Laberge L, Rousell J (1986) Tetrahedron Lett 27:279. doi:10.1016/S0040-4039(00)83996-9

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Mingos DMP (1997) Fundamentals of microwave applications. In: Haswell SJ (ed) Microwave—Enhanced Chem. American Chemical Society, New York

    Google Scholar 

  26. Neas ED, Collins MJ (1988) Introduction to microwave sample theory and practice. American Chemical Society, New York

    Google Scholar 

  27. Jean YC (1990) J Microchem 42:72. doi:10.1016/0026-265X(90)90027-3

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Brandt W, Dupasquir A (1983) Positron solid state Phys A. North Holland, Amsterdam

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ravikumar HB, Kumaraswamy GN, Thomas S, Ranganathaiah C (2005) Polymer 46:2372

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Kumaraswamy GN, Ranganathaiah C, Ravikumar HB, Deepa Urs MV (2006) Eur Polym J 42:2655

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Kirkegaard P, Pedersen NJ, Eldrup M (1989) A data processing system for positron annihilation spectra on mainframe and personal computers. Riso Nat Lab Reports; M-2740, Denmark

  32. Deepa Urs MV, Ranganathaiah C (2007) J Biomater Sci Polym Ed 18:641. doi:10.1163/156856207781034089

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Nakanishi H, Jean YC, Smith EG, Sandreczki TC (1989) J Polym Sci B Polym Phys 27:1419. doi:10.1002/polb.1989.090270704

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Nakanishi H, Wang SJ, Jean YC (1998) In: Sharma SC (ed) Positron annihilation in fluids. World Scientific, Singapore

    Google Scholar 

  35. Tao SJ (1972) J Chem Phys 56:5499. doi:10.1063/1.1677067

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Eldrup M, Lightbody D, Sherwood JN (1981) J Chem Phys 63:51. doi:10.1016/0301-0104(81)80307-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, India

    M. K. Manjula & K. M. Lokanatha Rai

  2. Department of Studies in Physics, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570006, India

    J. M. Raj & C. Ranganathaiah

  3. Department of Polymer Science & Technology, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore, 570 006, India

    C. S. Manjula &  Siddaramaiah

Authors
  1. M. K. Manjula
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. K. M. Lokanatha Rai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. J. M. Raj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. C. S. Manjula
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Siddaramaiah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. C. Ranganathaiah
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to C. Ranganathaiah.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Manjula, M.K., Lokanatha Rai, K.M., Raj, J.M. et al. Microwave assisted improvement in physico-mechanical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(ethylene imine)/gelatin blends. J Polym Res 17, 89–98 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-009-9294-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10965-009-9294-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation