Abstract
Targeted, goal-focused approaches to mentoring can improve behavioral and mental health outcomes than more recreational, non-specific approaches. However, a focus on goals needs to be balanced with openness to including mentees’ preferences. This study builds on prior work by exploring the benefits of goal- and youth-focused approaches to mentoring relationships from the youth mentee’s perspective, including their associations with relationship measures (closeness and tension) and mental health outcomes (i.e., conduct problems, emotional symptoms, and depressive symptoms). This study was a secondary analysis of data from 2165 youth participating in thirty nationally representative mentoring programs in the United States. On average, youth were 12.3-years-old (SD = 1.43, range = 9–16) and the majority were female (55%); 36.7% were Black/African American, 22.4% were White, and 23.5% were Latino/Hispanic. Path analyses revealed 1) youth- and goal-focused approaches were positively associated with closeness, 2) youth-focused approaches were negatively associated with tension, 3) goal-focused approaches were positively associated with tension. At follow-up, a stronger mentoring relationship (less tension and greater closeness) was related to positive youth outcomes. As the field of mentoring corrects for an overemphasis on intuitive approaches and moves towards more targeted directions, it should resist veering too far from what sets the field apart from skills-training models: the role of a caring relationship.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank Megyn Jasman for assistance with manuscript preparation.
Authors’ Contributions
A.W. conceived of the study, participated in its plan for analyses, participated in interpreting analyses, and drafted the manuscript; C.Y.S.P. conceived of the study, participated in its plan for analyses, performed data analyses, participated in interpreting analyses, and drafted the manuscript; J.E.R. conceived of the study, participated in its plan for analyses, participated in interpreting analyses, and drafted the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
Data Sharing Declaration
The data that support the findings of this study are available from Mentoring Enhancement Demonstration Project but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under license for the current study, and so are not publicly available. However, data are available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of Mentoring Enhancement Demonstration Project.
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Werntz, A., Poon, C.Y.S. & Rhodes, J.E. Striking the Balance: The Relative Benefits of Goal- and Youth-Focused Approaches to Youth Mentoring Relationships. J Youth Adolescence 52, 1448–1458 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01751-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-023-01751-4