Anderson, T. (2012). Still kissing their posters goodnight: Female fandom and the politics of popular music. Journal of Audience and Reception Studies, 9(2), 239–264.
Google Scholar
Arnett, J. (1991). Adolescents and heavy metal music: From the mouths of the metalheads. Youth and Society, 27, 76–98.
Google Scholar
Arnett, J. (1996). Metalheads: Heavy metal music and adolescent alienation. Westview Press.
Asparouhov, T., & Muthén, B. (2014). Auxiliary variables in mixture modeling: using the BCH method in Mplus to estimate a distal outcome model and an arbitrary secondary model. Mplus Web Notes, 21, version 2.
Baerveldt, C., Van Rossem, R., & Vermande, M. (2003). Pupils’ delinquency and their social networks: A test of some network assumptions of the ability and inability models of delinquency. The Netherlands Journal of Social Sciences, 39, 107–125.
Google Scholar
Baker, C., & Brown, B. (2016). Suicide, self-harm and survival strategies in contemporary Heavy Metal music: A cultural and literary analysis. Medical Humanities, 37, 1–17.
Google Scholar
Bešić, N., & Kerr, M. (2009). Punks, Goths, and other eyecatching peer crowds: Do they fulfill a function for shy youths? Journal of Research on Adolescence, 19(1), 113–121.
Google Scholar
Bellis, M. A., Hennell, T., Lushey, C., Hughes, K., Tocque, K., & Ashton, J. R. (2007). Elvis to Eminem: Quantifying the price of fame through early mortality of European and North American rock and pop stars. Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health, 61(10), 896–901.
Google Scholar
Bellis, M. A., Hughes, K., Sharples, O., Hennell, T., & Hardcastle, K. A. (2012). Dying to be famous: Retrospective cohort study of rock and pop star mortality and its association with adverse childhood experiences. BMJ Open, 2(6), e002089.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Björkqvist, K., Lagerspetz, K. M. J., & Osterman, K. (1992). The direct and indirect aggression scales. Abo Akademi University, Department of Social Sciences.
Bowes, L., Carnegie, R., Pearson, R., Mars, B., Biddle, L., Maughan, B., & Heron, J. (2015). Risk of depression and self-harm in teenagers identifying with Goth subculture: A longitudinal cohort study. The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(9), 793–800.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Cantril, H. (1965). The pattern of human concerns. Rutgers University Press.
Christe, I. (2003) Sound of the beast: The complete history of heavy metal. Harper Collins.
Delsing, M. J. M. H., Ter Bogt, T. F. M., Engels, R. C. M. E., & Meeus, W. H. J. (2008). Adolescents’ music preferences and personality characteristics. European Journal of Personality, 22(2), 109–130.
Google Scholar
Dowd, T. J. (2013). Music from abroad: The internationalization of the US mainstream market, 1940‒1990. In S. Baker, A. Bennett & J. Taylor (Eds.), Redefining mainstream popular music (pp. 125‒136). Routledge.
Franken, A., Keijsers, L., Dijkstra, J. K., & Ter Bogt, T. (2017). Music preferences, friendship, and externalizing behavior in early adolescence: A SIENA examination of the music marker theory using the SNARE study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 46(8), 1839–1850.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Frith, S. (1981). Sound effects: Youth, leisure, and the politics of rock ‘n’ roll. Constable.
Frith, S. (2020). Rock. Encyclopedia Britannica. https://www.britannica.com/art/rock-music.
Garofalo, R., & Waksman, S. (2017). Rockin’ out: Popular music in the USA. Pearson.
Gillet, C. (1996). The sound of the city (2th edition). Da Capo Press.
George, D., Stickle, K., Rachid, F., & Wopnford, A. (2007). The association between types of music enjoyed and cognitive, behavioral, and personality factors of those who listen. Psychomusicology, 19, 32–56.
Google Scholar
Greenwald, Andy. (2003). Nothing feels good: Punk rock, teenagers, and Emo. New York: St. Martin’s Griffin.
Hjelm, T., Kahn-Harris, K., & LeVine, M. (2011). Heavy metal as controversy and counterculture. Popular Music History, 6, 5–18.
Google Scholar
Hodkinson, P. (2002). Goth: Identity, style and subculture. Berg Publishers.
Hughes, M. A., Knowles, S. F., Dhingra, K., Nicholson, H. L., & Taylor, P. J. (2018). This corrosion: A systematic review of the association between alternative subcultures and the risk of self‐harm and suicide. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(4), 491–513.
Google Scholar
Jung, T., & Wickrama, K. A. (2008). An introduction to latent class growth analysis and growth mixture modeling. Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2(1), 302–317.
Google Scholar
Lacourse, E., Claes, M. & Villeneuve, M. (2001). Heavy metal music and adolescent suicidal risk. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 30(3), 321–332.
Google Scholar
Lo, Y., Mendell, N. R., & Rubin, D. B. (2001). Testing the number of components in a normal mixture. Biometrika, 88, 767–778.
Google Scholar
Lozon, J., & Bensimon, M. (2014). Music misuse: a review of the personal and collective roles of “problem music”. Aggressionand Violent Behavior, 19(3), 207–218.
Google Scholar
Martin, G., Clarke, M., & Pearce, C. (1993). Adolescent suicide: Music preference as an indicator of vulnerability. Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 32(3), 530–535.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Meeus, W. H. J., Akse, J., Branje, S. J. T., Ter Bogt, T., Delsing, M., & Van Doorn, M. D. (2004). Codebook of the research project CONflict And Management Of RElationships (CONAMORE). Unpublished manuscript: Utrecht University.
Mulder, J., Ter Bogt, T., Raaijmakers, Q., & Vollebergh, W. (2007). Music taste groups and problem behavior. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 36(3), 313–324.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mulder, J., Ter Bogt, T. F., Raaijmakers, Q. A., Gabhainn, S. N., Monshouwer, K., & Vollebergh, W. A. (2009). The soundtrack of substance use: music preference and adolescent smoking and drinking. Substance Use and Misuse, 44(4), 514–531.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Mulder, J., Ter Bogt, T. F., Raaijmakers, Q. A., Gabhainn, S. N., Monshouwer, K., & Vollebergh, W. A. (2010). Is it the music? Peer substance use as a mediator of the link between music preferences and adolescent substance use. Journal of Adolescence, 33(3), 387–394.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Muthén, B., & Muthén, L. K. (2000). Integrating person-centered and variable-centered analyses: growth mixture modeling with latent trajectory classes. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 24, 882–891.
Google Scholar
Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2017). Mplus user’s guide (8th ed.). Los Angeles, Authors.
Moffitt, T. E. (1993). Adolescence-limited and life-course- persistent antisocial behavior: A developmental taxonomy. Psychological Review, 100, 674–701.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Moffitt, T. E., Caspi, A., Harrington, H., & Milne, B. J. (2002). Males on the life-course-persistent and adolescence-limited antisocial pathways: Follow-up at age 26 years. Development and Psychopathology, 14, 179–207.
PubMed
Google Scholar
North, A. C., & Hargreaves, D. J. (1999). Music and adolescent identity. Music Education Research, 1(1), 75–92.
Google Scholar
O’Connor, L. (2015). Spectacular youth: A comparative analysis of the Goth and Emo subcultures on key measures of psychological well-being. (Doctoral dissertation The Chicago School of Professional Psychology). Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/1628966998.
O’Connor, R., & Portzky, G. (2015). The association between goth subculture identification, depression, and self-har. m, The Lancet Psychiatry, 2(9), 766–767.
Google Scholar
Odgers, C. L., Moffitt, T. E., Broadbent, J. M., Dickson, N., Hancox, R. J., Harrington, H., & Caspi, A. (2008). Female and male antisocial trajectories: From childhood origins to adult outcomes. Development and Psychopathology, 20(2), 673–716.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Reinecke, J. (2006). Longitudinal analysis of adolescents’ deviant and delinquent behavior. Methodology, 2, 100–112.
Google Scholar
Rentfrow, P. J., Goldberg, L. R., Stillwell, D. J., Kosinski, M., Gosling, S. D., & Levitin, D. J. (2012). The song remains the same: A replication and extension of the MUSIC model. Music Perception, 30(2), 161–185.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rentfrow, P. J., & Gosling, S. D. (2003). The do re mi’s of everyday life: The structure and personality correlates of music preferences. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 84(6), 1236–1254.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Rentfrow, P. J., Goldberg, L. R., & Levitin, D. J. (2011). The structure of musical preferences: A five-factor model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 100(6), 1139–1157.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rentfrow, P. J., Goldberg, L. R., Stillwell, D. J., Kosinski, M., Gosling, S. D., & Levitin, D. J. (2012). The song remains the same: A replication and extension of the MUSIC model. Music Perception, 30(2), 161–185.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Rentfrow, P. J., & Gosling, S. D. (2006). Message in a ballad: The role of music preferences in interpersonal perception. Psychological Science, 17(3), 236–242.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Roe, K. (1992). Different destinies—different melodies: School achievement, anticipated status and adolescents’ tastes in music. European Journal of Communication, 7(3), 335–357.
Google Scholar
Roe, K. (1995). Adolescents’ use of socially disvalued media: Towards a theory of media delinquency. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 24(5), 617–631.
Google Scholar
Saylor, C. F., Finch, A. J., Spirito, A., & Bennett, B. (1984). The children’s depression inventory: a systematic evaluation of psychometric properties. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 52(6), 955.
Schäfer, T., Sedlmeier, P., Städtler, C., & Huron, D. (2013). The psychological functions of music listening. Frontiers in Psychology, 4(511), 1–33.
Google Scholar
Selfhout, M. H. W., Delsing, M. J. M. H., Ter Bogt, T. F. M. & Meeus, W. H. J. (2008). Heavy metal and hip-hop style preferences and externalizing problem behavior: A two-wave longitudinal study. Youth and Society, 39(4), 435–452.
Google Scholar
Selfhout, M., Branje, S., Ter Bogt, T. F. M., & Meeus, W. H. M. (2009). The role of music preferences in early adolescnsts’friendship formation and stability. Journal of Adolescence, 32(1), 95–107.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Sharman, L., & Dingle, G. A. (2015). Extreme metal music and anger processing. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 9, 272.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Scheel, K. R., & Westefeld, J. S. (1999). Heavy metal music and adolescent suicidality: An empirical investigation. Adolescence, 34(134), 253.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Schwarz, G. (1978). Estimating the domension of a model. Annals of Statistics, 6(2), 461–464.
Google Scholar
Sikkema, P. (1999). Jongeren ’99: Een generatie waar om gevochten wordt [Youth ’99: A generation that is being fought for]. Interview-NSS/Qrius Research.
Slater, M. D. (2007). Reinforcing spirals: The mutual influence of media selectivity and media effects and their impact on individual behavior and social identity. Communication Theory, 17, 281–303.
Google Scholar
Slater, M. D., & Henry, K. L. (2013). Prospective influence of music-related media exposure on adolescent substance-use initiation: a peer group mediation model. Journal of Health Communication, 18(3), 291–305.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar
Tanner, J., Asbridge, M., & Wortley, S. (2008). Our favourite melodies: musical consumption and teenage lifestyles 1. The British Journal of Sociology, 59(1), 117–144.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ter Bogt, T. F. T., Gabhainn, S. N., Simons-Morton, B. G., Ferreira, M., Hublet, A., & Godeau, E., the HBSC Risk Behavior and the HBSC Peer Culture Focus Groups. (2012). Dance is the new metal: Adolescent music preferences and substance use across Europe. Substance Use and Misuse, 47(2), 130–142.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ter Bogt, T. F., Keijsers, L., & Meeus, W. H. (2013). Early adolescent music preferences and minor delinquency. Pediatrics, 131(2), e380–e389. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2012-0708.
Article
PubMed
Google Scholar
Ter Bogt, T. F., Vieno, A., Doornwaard, S. M., Pastore, M., & Van den Eijnden, R. J. (2016). “You’re not alone”: Music as a source of consolation among adolescents and young adults. Psychology of Music, 45(2), 155–171.
Google Scholar
Ter Bogt, T., Hale, W. W., Canale, N., Pastore, M., & Vieno, A. (2021). Goth music and depressive symptoms among adolescents: a longitudinal study. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 50, 1925–1936.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Timbremont, B., & Braet, C. (2002). Children’s Depression Inventory: Dutch language manual. Swets & Zeitlinger.
Trnka, R., Kuška, M., Balcar, K., & Tavel, P. (2018). Understanding death, suicide and self-injury among adherents of the emo youth subculture: A qualitative study. Death Studies, 42(6), 337–345.
PubMed
Google Scholar
Van Elferen, I., & Weinstock, J. A. (2015). Goth music: From sound to subculture. Routledge.
Walser, R. (1993). Running with the devil: Power, gender, and madness in heavy metal music. Wesleyan University Press.
Weinstein, D. (1991). Heavy metal: A cultural sociology. Lexington books.
Wright, R. (2000). I’d sell you suicide: Pop music and moral panic in the age of Marilyn Manson. Popular Music, 19, 365–386.
Google Scholar
Young, R., Sproeber, N., Groschwitz, R., Preiss, M., & Plener, P. (2014). Why alternative teenagers self-harm: Exploring the link between non-suicidal self-injury, attempted suicide and adolescent identity. BMC Psychiatry, 14(1), 1–14.
Google Scholar
Young, R., Sweeting, H., & West, P. (2006). Prevalence of deliberate self-harm and attempted suicide within contemporary Goth youth subculture: Longitudinal cohort study. British Medical Journal, 332(7549), 1058–1061.
PubMed
PubMed Central
Google Scholar