Skip to main content
Log in

Suffering, Selfish, Slackers? Myths and Reality About Emerging Adults

  • Review Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Youth and Adolescence Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Many myths about adolescence have been refuted by research, but similar myths have grown up in recent years around emerging adulthood. This essay addresses three of those myths: the claim that they suffer from a normative “crisis”; the accusations that they are “selfish”; and their alleged reluctance to “grow up” and become adults. For each issue, evidence is presented showing that the myths exaggerate or falsify the true experience of emerging adults.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

Explore related subjects

Discover the latest articles, news and stories from top researchers in related subjects.

References

  • AmeriCorps (2005) About Americorps. Available: http://www.americorps.gov/about/overview/index.asp. Retrieved on September 29, 2005

  • Aquilino WS (2006) Family relationships and support systems in emerging adulthood. In Arnett JJ, Tanner J (eds) Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC, pp 193–218

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ (1997) Young people’s conceptions of the transition to adulthood. Youth Soc 29:1–23

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ (1998) Learning to stand alone: The contemporary American transition to adulthood in cultural and historical context. Hum Dev 41:295–315

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ (1999) Adolescent storm and stress, reconsidered. Am Psychol 54:317–326

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ (2000) Emerging adulthood: A theory of development from the late teens through the twenties. Am Psychol 55:469–480

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ (2003) Conceptions of the transition to adulthood among emerging adults in American ethnic groups. New Dir Child Adolesc Dev 100:63–75

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ (2004) Emerging adulthood: The winding road from the late teens through the twenties. Oxford University Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ (2006) G. Stanley Hall’s Adolescence: Brilliance and nonsense. Hist Psychol 9:186–197

    Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ, Taber S (1994) Adolescence terminable and interminable: When does adolescence end? J Youth Adolesc 23:517–537

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arnett JJ, Tanner JL (eds) (2006) Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century. APA Books, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Astin AW, Osequera L, Sax LJ, Korn WS (2002) The American freshman: Thirty-five year trends. UCLA Higher Education Research Institute, Los Angeles

    Google Scholar 

  • Blos P (1962) On adolescence: A psychoanalytic interpretation. Free Press, New York

  • Booth A, Crouter A (1999) Transitions to adulthood in a changing economy: No work, no family, no future? Erlbaum, Mahwah, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Buchanan CM, Holmbeck GN (1998) Measuring beliefs about adolescent personality and behavior. J Youth Adolesc 27:609–629

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bynner J (2005) Rethinking the youth phase of the life course: The case for emerging adulthood. J Youth Stud 367–384

  • Côté J (2000) Arrested adulthood: The changing nature of maturity and identity in the late modern world. New York University Press, New York

  • Côté J (2006) Emerging adulthood as an institutionalized moratorium: Risks and benefits to identity formation. In Arnett JJ, Tanner JL (eds) Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century. American Psychological Association Press, Washington, DC, pp 85–116

  • Douglass CB (2005) Barren states: The population “implosion” in Europe. Berg, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Erikson EH (1950) Childhood and society. Norton, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Erikson EH (1968) Identity: Youth and crisis. Norton, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Freud A (1958) Adolescence. Psychoanalytic Study of the Child, 15:255–278. International Universities Press, Inc., New York

  • Freud A (1968) Adolescence. In Winder AE, Angus D (eds) Adolescence: Contemporary studies. American Book, New York, pp 13–24

  • Freud A (1969) Adolescence as a developmental disturbance. In Caplan G, Lebovici S (eds) Adolescence: Psychosocial perspectives. Basic Books, New York, pp 5–10

    Google Scholar 

  • Galambos NL, Barker ET, Krahn HJ (2006) Depression, anger, and self-esteem in emerging adulthood: Seven-year trajectories. Dev Psychol

  • Goldscheider F, Goldscheider C (1999) The changing transition to adulthood: Leaving and returning home. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA

    Google Scholar 

  • Hall GS (1904) Adolescence: Its psychology and its relation to physiology, anthropology, sociology, sex, crime, religion, and education, vol. 1 & 2. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ

  • Hamilton S, Hamilton MA (2006) School, work, and emerging adulthood. In Arnett JJ, Tanner JL (eds) Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century. APA Books, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Hornblower M (1997) Great Xpectations. Time 58–68

  • Labouvie-Vief G (2006) Emerging structures of adult thought. In Arnett JJ, Tanner JL (eds) Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century. APA Books, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Larson R (2000) Towards a psychology of positive youth development. Am Psychol 55:170–183

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Levine M (2005) Ready or not, here life comes. Simon & Schuster, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • von Goethe JW (1774/1989) The sorrows of young Werther, by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe. Translated by M. Hulse, with an Introduction and Notes. Penguin, London, England

  • Offer D (1969) The psychological world of the teenager. Basic Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Offer D, Schonert-Reichl KA (1992) Debunking the myths of adolescence: Findings from recent research. J Am Acad Child Adolesc Psychiatry 31:1003–1014

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Peace Corps (2005) About the Peace Corps. Available: http://www.peacecorps.gov/index.cfm?shell=learn.whyvol. Retrieved on September 16, 2005

  • Putnam RD (2000) Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. Simon & Schuster, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Schulenberg JE, Zarrett NR (2006) Mental health during emerging adulthood: Continuity and discontinuity in courses, causes, and functions. In Arnett JJ, Tanner JL (eds) Emerging adults in America: Coming of age in the 21st century. APA Books, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz B (2004) The paradox of choice: Why more is less. Ecco, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Strange JJ (2007) Adolescents, media portrayals of. In Arnett JJ (ed) Encyclopedia of children, adolescents, and the media. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA

  • Twenge JM (2006) Generation Me: Why today’s young Americans are more confident, assertive, and entitled—and more miserable than ever before. Free Press, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • U.S. Bureau of the Census (2005) Statistical abstracts of the United States. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jeffrey Jensen Arnett.

Additional information

Jeffrey Jensen Arnett is Research Professor in the Department of Psychology at Clark University. He is the editor of Journal of Adolescent Research and author of Emerging Adulthood: The Winding Road from the Late Teens through the Twenties (2004, Oxford University Press). He was a postdoctoral fellow under Daniel Offer at Northwestern University Medical School from 1989–1992.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Arnett, J.J. Suffering, Selfish, Slackers? Myths and Reality About Emerging Adults. J Youth Adolescence 36, 23–29 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9157-z

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-006-9157-z

Keywords

Navigation