Abstract
Semimodules over idempotent semirings like the max-plus or tropical semiring have much in common with convex cones. This analogy is particularly apparent in the case of subsemimodules of the n-fold Cartesian product of the max-plus semiring: It is known that one can separate a vector from a closed subsemimodule that does not contain it. Here we establish a more general separation theorem, which applies to any finite collection of closed subsemimodules with a trivial intersection. The proof of this theorem involves specific nonlinear operators, called here cyclic projectors on idempotent semimodules. These are analogues of the cyclic nearest-point projections known in convex analysis. We obtain a theorem that characterizes the spectrum of cyclic projectors on idempotent semimodules in terms of a suitable extension of Hilbert's projective metric. We also deduce as a corollary of our main results the idempotent analogue of Helly's theorem.
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Translated from Fundamentalnaya i Prikladnaya Matematika, Vol. 13, No. 4, pp. 31–52, 2007.
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Gaubert, S., Sergeev, S. Cyclic projectors and separation theorems in idempotent convex geometry. J Math Sci 155, 815–829 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10958-008-9243-8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10958-008-9243-8