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Investigation of the Solubility and Phase Diagrams of Sodium 4-Tolylsulfinate in Different Solvents and Ternary Sodium 4-Tolylsulfinate + Sodium Chloride/Sodium Sulfate + Water Systems

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Abstract

The method of isothermal saturation was utilized to experimentally obtain the sodium 4-tolylsulfinate (4-STS) solubility in nine neat solvents including ethanol, acetone, methanol, N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), isopropanol, acetonitrile, water, n-butanol, and n-propanol, and solvent mixtures of water + isopropanol/acetonitrile. With a rise in temperature, the mole fractions of 4-STS in the equilibrium liquor increased. Among the solvents tested, methanol has the largest solubility values. To match the solubility data, the Apelblat, the Jouyban–Acree, and the modified van't Hoff–Jouyban–Acree models were utilized. The values of 9.23 × 10–4 and 5.30 × 10–2 were the highest root-mean-square and relative mean error values, respectively. The recommended anti-solvents for crystallization of the 4-STS from aqueous solution are isopropanol and acetonitrile. The mutual solubility of 4-STS and Na2SO4/NaCl in water was determined at the temperatures from T = 283.15 K to 313.15 K at intervals of 15 K. The phase diagrams of 4-STS + Na2SO4/NaCl + water ternary systems were also constructed. We found that, the addition of a certain amount of Na2SO4/NaCl can significantly decrease the aqueous solubility of 4-STS.

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Acknowledgements

We sincerely express our thanks to the Doctoral Research Start-up Fund project (NO. NGBJ-2020-32) of Nanyang Institute of Technology and Nanyang City Science and technology project of 2020 year (JCQY009).

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  1. School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Nanyang Institute of Technology, Nanyang, 473004, Henan, People’s Republic of China

    Huanxin Li, Han Zhang, Yazhe Li, Heng Zhang & Xiaochen Liu

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  1. Huanxin Li
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  5. Xiaochen Liu
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HL wrote the main manuscript text and HZ, YL, and HZ prepared figures 1-5. Other authors reviewed the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Huanxin Li.

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Li, H., Zhang, H., Li, Y. et al. Investigation of the Solubility and Phase Diagrams of Sodium 4-Tolylsulfinate in Different Solvents and Ternary Sodium 4-Tolylsulfinate + Sodium Chloride/Sodium Sulfate + Water Systems. J Solution Chem 52, 790–804 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-023-01272-5

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