Abstract
The densities (ρ) and viscosities (η) for the six binary mixtures of 1,6-dichlorohexane with cyclohexane, benzene, methylbenzene, 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,4-dimethylbenzene and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene have been measured over the whole composition range and at 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K. The densities have been used to estimate the excess molar volumes (VE) of the binary mixtures at the three experimental temperatures. The experimental viscosities have been used to evaluate the deviations in viscosities (∆η) for the binary mixtures. The densities and viscosities increase as the mole fraction of 1,6-dichlorohexane increases in the binary mixtures. The excess molar volumes for the binary mixtures of 1,6-dichlorohexane with cyclohexane and with benzene are positive over the whole concentration range, at all the three experimental temperatures, while values for the binary mixtures of 1,6-dichlorohexane with methylbenzene, 1,2-dimethylbenzene, 1,4-dimethylbenzene, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene are negative for the entire composition range at the three experimental temperatures except for a positive value of VE at lower mole fractions of 1,6-dichlorohexane for the binary mixtures of 1,6-dichlorohexanes with 1,2-dimethylbenzene at 313.15 K. The ∆η values are negative for all the six binary mixtures at the three experimental temperatures. The experimental data of excess molar volumes VE and deviations in viscosities ∆η have been fitted using the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. However, VE values for binary mixtures of 1,6-dichlorohexane with 1,2-dimethylbenzene at 313.15 K have been fitted using the Myers and Scott equation. The standard deviations in excess molar volumes [σ (VE)] and in deviations in viscosities [σ (∆η)] have also been evaluated. The experimental values of viscosities have been correlated with several equations suggested by Grunberg and Nissan, Katti and Chaudhri, and Hind, Mclaughlin and Ubbelohde. The Hind–Mclaughlin–Ubbelohde equation was found to be most suitable for the viscosities for all the binary mixtures studied at the three experimental temperatures. The results are discussed in terms of molecular interactions between the components of binary mixtures.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aminabhavi, T.M., Banerjee, K.: Density, viscosity, refractive index, and speed of sound in binary mixtures of dimethyl carbonate with methanol, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, cyclohexane, and dichloromethane in the temperature interval (298.15–308.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 43, 1096–1101 (1998)
Oswal, S.L.: Studies of viscosity and excess molar volume of binary mixtures: 5. Characterization of excess molar volume of 1-alkanol with alkylamines, dialkylamines and trialkylamines in terms of the ERAS model. Thermochim. Acta 425, 59–68 (2005)
Baragi, J.G., Aralaguppi, M.I.: Excess and deviation properties for the binary mixtures of methylcyclohexane with benzene, toluene, p-xylene, mesityene, and anisole at T = (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 38, 1717–1724 (2006)
Comelli, F., Bigi, A., Vitalini, D., Rubini, K.: Densities, viscosities, refractive indices, and heat capacities of poly (ethylene glycol-ran-propylene glycol) + esters of carbonic acid at (293.15 and 313.15) K and at atmospheric pressure. J. Chem. Eng. Data 55, 205–210 (2010)
Silva, A.A., Reis, R.A., Paredes, M.L.L.: Density and viscosity of decalin, cyclohexane, and toluene binary mixtures at (283.15, 293.15, 303.15, 313.15, and 323.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 54, 2067–2072 (2009)
Rathnam, M.V., Mankumare, S., Kumar, M.S.S.: Density, viscosity, and speed of sound of (methyl benzoate + cyclohexane), (methyl benzoate + n-hexane), (methyl benzoate + heptane), and (methyl benzoate + octane) at temperatures of (303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 55, 1354–1358 (2010)
Nath, J., Saini, R.: Viscometric behaviour of binary systems of methyl ethyl ketone with methylene chloride, 1,2-dichloroethane, trichloroethene, tetrachloroethene and cyclohexane. Indian J. Chem. 31A, 626–629 (1992)
Oswal, S.L., Patel, I.N.: Excess molar volumes of binary mixtures of alkyl acetates with hexane, tetrachloromethane, and trichloromethane. Fluid Phase Equilib. 149, 249–259 (1998)
Nath, J.: Anita.: excess molar volumes, speeds of sound and isentropic compressibilities of (1,4-dioxane + trichloromethane, or tetrachloromethane, or 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, or 1,1,1-trichloroethane) at T = 293.15 K. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 32, 717–727 (2000)
Agarwal, D., Singh, M.: Densities and viscosities of binary liquid mixtures of trichloroethylene and tetrachloroethylene with some polar and nonpolar solvents. J. Chem. Eng. Data 49, 1218–1224 (2004)
Wilhelm, E., Letcher, T.: Volume Properties: Liquids, Solutions and Vapours, chap. 7. Royal Society of Chemistry, UK (2014)
Ortega, J., Marrero, E., Toledo, F.J., Espiau, F.: Thermodynamic study of (alkyl esters + α, ω-alkyl dihalides) I: H Em and V Em for 25 binary mixtures {xCu-1H2u-1CO2C2H5 + (1-x)α, ω-ClCH2(CH2)v-2CH2Cl}, where u = 1 to 5, α = 1 and v = ω = 2 to 6. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 37, 1332–1346 (2005)
Garcia-Gimenez, P., Martinez-Lopez, J.F., Blanco, S.T., Velasco, I., Otin, S.: Densities and isothermal compressibilities at pressure up to 20 MPa of the systems N,N-dimethylformamide or N, N-dimethylacetamide + α, ω-dichloroalkane. J. Chem. Eng. Data 52, 2368–2374 (2007)
Chorazewski, M., Goralski, P., Hrynko, M., Grolier, J.P., Wilhelm, E.: Thermodynamic and acoustic properties of mixtures of 1,6-dichlorohexane with heptane from (293 to 313) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 55, 5471–5477 (2010)
Lainez, A., Grolier, J.-P.E., Wilhelm, E.: Excess molar heat capacity and excess molar volume of 1,6-dichlorohexane + n-octane. Thermochim. Acta 91, 243–248 (1985)
Salgado, D.G., Peleteiro, J., Jacobo, T., Carballo, E., Romani, L.: Heat capacities, densities and speeds of sound for (1,5-dichloropentane or 1,6-dichlorohexane) + dodecane. J. Chem. Eng. Data 49, 333–338 (2004)
Narendra, K., Narayanamurthy, P., Srinivasu, C.H.: Evaluation of excess thermodynamic parameters in a binary liquid mixture (cyclohexane + o-xylene) at different temperatures. E. J. Chem. 7, 927–934 (2010)
Nain, A.K.: Densities and volumetric properties of binary mixtures of tetrahydrofuran with some aromatic hydrocarbons at temperatures from 278.15 to 318.15 K. J. Solution Chem. 35, 1417–1439 (2006)
Rout, B.K., Chakravortty, V.: Molecular interaction study on binary mixtures of acetylacetone from the excess properties of ultrasonic velocity, viscosity and density at various temperatures. Indian J. Chem. 33A, 303–307 (1994)
Timmermans, J.: Physico-Chemical Constants of Pure Organic Compounds. Elsevier Publishing Company Inc., New York, Amsterdam, London, Brussels (1950)
Nayak, J.N., Aralaguppi, M.I., Aminabhavi, T.M.: Density, viscosity, refractive index and speed of sound in the binary mixtures of ethyl chloroacetate with aromatic liquids at 298.15, 303.15, and 308.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 47, 964–969 (2002)
Yadava, S.S., Yadav, N.: Densities, viscosities and ultrasound velocities for the binary mixtures of isopropylethanoate and non-polar hydrocarbon solvents. J. Mol. Liq. 157, 6–12 (2010)
Levitt, B.P.: Findlay’s Practical Physical Chemistry. Longman Group Ltd., London (1973)
Kessel, W.: Uncertainity Measurements, ISO/BIPM Guide (1998)
Swain, N., Chakravortty, V., Singh, S. K., Panda, D.: Viscosity and density of ternary mixtures of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA)–benzene–toluene. Indian. J. Chem. 38(A), 1116–1122 (1999)
Riddick, J. A., Bunger, W. B.: Organic Solvents, vol. (II) 3rd edn. Wiley–Interscience, New York (1970)
Dumitrescu, V., Pantea, O.: Viscosities of binary mixtures of toluene with butan-1-ol and 2-methylpropane-2-ol. J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 70, 1313–1323 (2005)
Rathnam, M.V., Mohite, S., Kumar, M.S.: Thermophysical properties of isoamyl acetate or methylbenzoate + hydrocarbon binary mixtures at (303.15 and 313.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 54, 305–309 (2009)
Bhatia, S.C., Rani, R., Bhatia, R.: Viscosities, densities, speeds of sound and refractive indices of binary mixture of o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, ethylbenzene and mesitylene with 1-decanol at 298.15 and 308.15 K. J. Mol. Liq. 159, 132–141 (2011)
Redlich, O., Kister, A.T.: algebraic representation of thermodynamic properties and the classification of solutions. Ind. Eng. Chem. 40, 345–348 (1948)
Myers, D.B., Scott, R.L.: Thermodynamic functions for nonelectrolyte solutions. Ind. Eng. Chem. 55, 43–46 (1963)
Anderson, R., Cambio, R., Prausnitz, J.M.: Physical and chemical forces in solvent selectivity for hydrocarbons. AIChE J. 8, 66–69 (1962)
Duncan, W.A., Sheridan, J.P., Swinton, F.L.: Thermodynamic properties of binary systems containing hexafluorobenzene. Trans. Faraday Soc. 62, 1090–1096 (1966)
Powell, R.J., Swinton, F.L.: The thermodynamics properties of fluorocarbon + hydrocarbon mixtures 1. Excess volumes of mixing. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 2, 87–93 (1970)
McClellan, A.L.: Tables of Experimental Dipole Moments. W. H. Freeman and Co., San Francisco (1963)
Rastogi, R.P., Nath, J., Misra, J.: Thermodynamics of weak interactions in liquid mixtures. I. Mixtures of carbon tetrachloride, benzene, toluene and p-xylene. J. Phys. Chem. 71, 1277–1286 (1967)
Homer, J., Yadava, R.R.: Molecular complexes. Part 11.—Some comments on electrostactic and steric effects in the formation of acrylonitrile + aromatic complexes. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 170, 609–615 (1974)
Fort, R.J., Moore, W.R.: Viscosities of binary liquid mixtures. Trans. Faraday Soc. 62, 1112–1119 (1966)
Grunberg, L., Nissan, A.H.: Mixture law for viscosity. Nature 164, 799–800 (1949)
Katti, P.K., Chaudhri, M.M.: Viscosities of binary mixtures of benzyl acetate with dioxane, aniline and m-cresol. J. Chem. Eng. Data 9, 442–443 (1964)
Hind, R.K., McLaughlin, E., Ubbelohde, A.R.: Structure and viscosity of liquids. Camphor + pyrene mixtures. Trans. Faraday Soc. 56, 328–330 (1960)
Acknowledgements
The authors are thankful to the U.G.C. New Delhi for providing financial assistance. Authors are also thankful to Head of the Department of Chemistry, D.D.U. Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur, for providing necessary laboratory facilities and to Prof. Sudha Yadava for her support and encouragement during the period of the investigation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yadav, K., Yadava, S.S. Densities and Viscosities of Binary Liquid Mixtures of 1,6-Dichlorohexane with Different Hydrocarbons at 308.15, 313.15 and 318.15 K. J Solution Chem 47, 1172–1191 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-018-0786-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-018-0786-0