Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Viscosities and Surface Tensions of Phenetole with N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-Dimethylformamide and Tetrahydrofuran Binary Systems at Three Temperatures

  • Published:
Journal of Solution Chemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Viscosities, η, and surface tensions, σ, of binary systems of phenetole (ethoxy benzene or ethyl phenyl ether) with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylformamide or with tetrahydrofuran were measured over the entire mole fraction range and at (298, 303 and 308) K. The experimental data was used to compute the deviations in viscosity, Δη, and surface tension, Δσ. Values of the excess Gibbs energy of activation G*E, surface entropy S σ and surface enthalpy H σ were calculated. Viscosity data of the binary systems were calculated using the Grunberg and Nissan and the three-body and four-body McAllister correlations. The Redlich–Kister method was used for evaluation of coefficients and standard deviations for Δη, Δσ and G*E. The results were interpreted in terms of the probable effect of molecular interactions between components as well as polarity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Poling, B.E., Prausnitz, J.M., O’Connell, J.P.: The Properties of Gases and Liquids, 5th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York (2001)

    Google Scholar 

  2. Roland, C.M., Bair, S., Casalini, R.: Thermodynamic scaling of the viscosity of van der Waals, H-bonded, and ionic liquids. J. Chem. Phys. 125, 1–8 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Singh, S.K., Sinha, A., Deo, G., Singh, J.K.: Vapor–liquid phase coexistence, critical properties, and surface tension of confined alkanes. J. Phys. Chem. C 113, 7170–7180 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Neyt, J., Wender, A., Lachet, V., Malfreyt, P.: Prediction of the temperature dependence of the surface tension of SO2, N2, O2, and Ar by Monte Carlo molecular simulations. J. Phys. Chem. B 115, 9421–9430 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Biscay, F., Ghoufi, A., Lachet, V., Malfreyt, P.: Prediction of the surface tension of the liquid–vapor interface of alcohols from Monte Carlo simulations. J. Phys. Chem. 115, 8670–8683 (2011)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Nain, A.K.: Densities, ultrasonic speeds, viscosities and excess properties of binary mixtures of methyl methacrylate with N,N-dimethylformamide and N,N-dimethylacetamide at different temperatures. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 60, 105–116 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Kumar, D.B.K., Reddy, K.R., Rao, G.S., Sandhyasri, P.B., Begum, Z., Rambabu, C.: Measurements of some physical properties of binary liquid mixtures (N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone + an aliphatic ester) at several temperatures and data processing of viscosity and ultrasonic speed. J. Mol. Liq. 183, 31–44 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bao, Z., Zhang, W., Chen, Y., Xu, J., Cui, X.: Densities, viscosities and volumetric properties of BF3 anisole and BF3 phenetole complexes at = (283.15 to 303.15) K. J. Mol. Liq. 198, 187–192 (2014)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Al-Jimaz, A.S., Al-Kandary, J.A., Abdul-Latif, A.M.: Densities and viscosities for binary mixtures of phenetole with 1-pentanol, 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, and 1-decanol at different temperatures. Fluid Phase Equilib. 218, 247–260 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Francesconi, R., Comelli, F., Castellari, C.: Excess molar enthalpies of binary mixtures containing phenetole + α-pinene or β-pinene in the range (288.15–313.15) K, and at atmospheric pressure: application of the extended cell model of Prigogine. Thermochem. Acta 363, 115–120 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Ottani, S., Comelli, F., Castellari, C.: Densities, viscosities, and excess molar enthalpies of propylene carbonate + anisole or + phenetole at (293.15, 303.15, and 313.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 46, 125–129 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Francesconi, Romolo, Comelli, Fabio: Carlo Castellari: excess molar enthalpies and excess molar volumes of binary mixtures containing dialkyl carbonates + anisole or phenetole at (288.15 and 313.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 45, 544–548 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Al Tuwaim, M.S., Alkhaldi, K.H.A.E., Al-Jimaz, A.S., Mohammad, A.A.: Comparative study of physico-chemical properties of binary mixtures of N,N-dimethylformamide with 1-alkanols at different temperatures. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 48, 39–47 (2012)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Al-Jimaz, A.S., Al-Kandary, J.A., Abdul-Latif, A.M.: Acoustical and excess properties of chlorobenzene + 1-hexanol, or 1-heptanol, or 1-octanol, or 1-nonanol, or 1-decanol at (298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 52, 206–214 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Al-Kandary, J.A., Al-Jimaz, A.S., Abdul-Latif, A.M.: Densities, viscosities, speeds of sound and refractive indices of binary mixtures of tetrahydrofuran with 1-hexanol, 1-heptanol, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol and 1-decanol at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K. J Phys. Chem. Liq. 47, 210–224 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Redlich, O., Kister, A.T.: Algebraic representation of thermodynamic properties and the classification of solutions. Ind. Eng. Chem. 40, 345–348 (1948)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Grunberg, L., Nissan, A.H.: Mixture law for viscosity. Nature 164, 799–800 (1949)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mac Allister, R.A.: The viscosity of liquid mixtures. AIChE J. 6, 427–431 (1960)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. George, J., Sastry, N.V.: Densities, viscosities, speeds of sound, and relative permittivities for water + cyclic amides (2-pyrrolidinone, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, and 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidinone) at different temperatures. J. Chem. Eng. Data 49, 235–242 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. López, A.B., García-Abuín, A., Gómez-Díaz, D., Dolores La Rubia, M., Navaza, J.M.: Density, speed of sound, viscosity, refractive index and surface tension of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone + diethanolamine (or triethanolamine) from T = (293.15 to 323.15) K. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 61, 1–6 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Mohammad, A.A., Alkhaldi, K.H.A.E., Al Tuwaim, M.S., Al-Jimaz, A.S.: Viscosity and surface tension of binary systems of N,N-dimethylformamide with alkan-1-ols at different temperatures. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 56, 106–113 (2013)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Aminabhavi, V.A., Aminabhavi, T.M., Balundgi, R.H.: Evaluation of excess parameters from densities and viscosities of binary mixtures of ethanol with anisole, N,N-dimethylformamide, carbon tetrachloride and acetophenone from 298.15 to 313.15 K. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 29, 2106–2111 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Shan, Z., Asfour, A.A.: Viscosities and densities of nine binary 1-alkanol systems at 293.15 K and 298.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 44, 118–123 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Mohsen-Nia, M., Alimohammady, F.: Densities and viscosities of binary mixtures of poly(vinyl chloride) and tetrahydrofuran at temperatures (283.15–303.15) K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 54, 1375–1377 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Riddick, J.A., Bunger, W.B., Sakano, T.: Organic Solvents: Physical Properties and Methods of Purification, vol. 2. Wiley, New York (1986)

    Google Scholar 

  26. Fattahi, M., Iloukhani, H.: Excess molar volume, viscosity, and refractive index study for the ternary mixture 2-methyl-2-butanol (1) + tetrahydrofuran (2) + propylamine (3) at different temperatures. Application of the ERAS-model and Peng–Robinson–Stryjek–Vera equation of state. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 42, 1335–1345 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Rathnam, M.V., Ambavadekar, D.R., Nandini, M.: Volumetric, viscosity and ultrasonic behaviour of n-butyl propionate + ether (THF, 1,4-dioxane, anisole and butyl vinyl ether) mixtures at 303.15, 308.15 and 313.15 K. Eur. Chem. Bull. 2, 642–650 (2013)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Douhéret, G., Davis, M.I., Reis, J.C.R.: Excess isentropic compressibilities and excess ultrasound speeds in binary and ternary liquid mixtures. Fluid Phase Equilib. 231, 246–249 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Zhu, A., Wang, J., Liu, R.: A volumetric and viscosity study for the binary mixtures of 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate with some molecular solvents. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 43, 796–799 (2011)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Gascon, I., Lafuente, C., Cea, P., Royo, F.M., Urieta, J.S.: Viscosities of the ternary mixture (cyclohexane + tetrahydrofuran + chlorocyclohexane) at 298.15 and 313.15 K. Fluid Phase Equilib. 164, 143–155 (1999)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Changsheng, Y., Xu, W., Ma, P.: Thermodynamic properties of binary mixtures of p-xylene with cyclohexane, heptane, octane, and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone at several temperatures. J. Chem. Eng. Data 49, 1794–1801 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Parveen, S., Shukla, D., Singh, S., Singh, K.P., Gupta, M., Shukla, J.P.: Ultrasonic velocity, density, viscosity and their excess parameters of the binary mixtures of tetrahydrofuran with methanol and o-cresol at varying temperatures. Appl. Acoust. 70, 507–513 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Chanda, R., Banerjee, A., Roy, M.N.: Studies of viscous antagonism, excess molar volumes, viscosity deviation and isentropic compressibility of ternary mixtures containing N,N-dimethyl formamide, benzene and some ethers at 298.15 K. J. Serb. Chem. Soc. 75, 1721–1732 (2010)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Johnson, I., Kalidoss, M., Srinivasamoorthy, R.: Density, viscosity, and speed of sound in the ternary mixtures of 2-ethoxyethanol + N,N-dimethylformamide + N,N-dimethylacetamide and 2-ethoxyethanol + dimethyl sulfoxide + N,N-dimethylacetamide at 308.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 47, 1388–1390 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Kinart, C.M., Kinart, W.J., Cwiklinska, A.: 2-Methoxyethanol tetrahydrofuran–binary liquid system. Viscosities, densities, excess molar volumes and excess Gibbs activation energies of viscous flow at various temperatures. J. Therm. Anal. Cal. 68, 307–317 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Piñeiro, Á., Brocos, P., Amigo, A., Pintos, M., Bravo, R.: Surface tensions and refractive indices of (tetrahydrofuran + n-alkanes) at T = 298.15 K. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 31, 931–942 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Thermodynamic Tables of Non-hydrocarbons: Thermodynamic Research Center. Texas A & M University, College Station (1994)

    Google Scholar 

  38. Pal, A., Bhardwaj, R.K.: Excess molar volumes and viscosities for binary mixtures of 2-propoxyethanol and of 2-Isopropoxyethanol with 2-pyrrolidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, N,N-dimethylformamide, and N,N-dimethylacetamide at 298.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 47, 1128–1134 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Henni, A., Hromek, J.J., Tonitwachwuthikul, P., Chakma, A.: Volumetric properties and viscosities for aqueous N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone solutions from 25 °C to 70 °C. J. Chem. Eng. Data 49, 231–234 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Sanjeevan, J.K., Pandharinath, S.: Density and viscosity studies of binary mixtures of aniline + benzene and ternary mixtures of (aniline + benzene + N,N-dimethylformamide) at 298.15, 303.15, 308.15, and 313.15 K. J. Mol. Liq. 132–132, 81–86 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

  41. Joshi, S.S., Aminabhavi, T.M., Balundgi, R.H., Shukla, S.S.: Densities and viscosities of binary liquid mixtures of nitrobenzene with cyclohexane and N,N-dimethylformamide. J. Chem. Eng. Data 35, 185–187 (1990)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Aminabhavi, T.M., Aralaguppi, M.I., Bindu, G., Khinnavar, R.S.: Densities, shear viscosities, refractive indices, and speeds of sound of bis(2-methoxyethyl) ether with hexane, heptane, octane, and 2,2,4-trimethylpentane in the temperature interval 298.15–318.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 39, 522–528 (1994)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Jiménez, E., Casas, H., Segade, L., Franjo, C.: Surface tensions, refractive indexes and excess molar volumes of hexane + 1-alkanol mixtures at 298.15 K. J. Chem. Eng. Data 45, 862–866 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. García, B., Alcalde, R., Leal, J.M., Matos, J.S.: Formamide–(C1–C5) alkan-1-ols solvent systems. J. Chem. Soc. Faraday Trans. I 92, 3347–3352 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Alkhaldi, K.H.A.E., Al-Jimaz, A.S., Al Tuwaim, M.S.: Densities, ultrasonic speeds and refractive indices of phenetole with N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethylformamide and tetrahydrofuran binary mixtures at different temperatures. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 103, 249–256 (2016)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Bevington, P.: Data Reduction and Error Analysis for the Physical Sciences. McGraw-Hill, New York (1969)

    Google Scholar 

  47. Kumar, A.: Surface tension, viscosity, vapor pressure, density, and sound velocity for a system miscible continuously from a pure fused electrolyte to a nonaqueous liquid with a low dielectric constant: anisole with tetra-n-butylammonium picrate. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 115, 9243–9248 (1993)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Yang, Y., Deng, J., Yang, H., Zheng, X., Che, G., Huang, Z.: Densities, surface tensions, and derived surface thermodynamics properties of (trimethylbenzene + propyl acetate, or butyl acetate) from T = 298.15 to 313.15 K. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 39, 438–448 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Tsierkezos, N.G., Filippou, A.C.: Thermodynamic investigation of N,N-dimethylformamide/toluene binary mixtures in the temperature range from 278.15 to 293.15 K. J. Chem. Thermodyn. 38, 952–961 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Meyer, R., Meyer, M., Metzger, J., Peneloux, A.: Thermodynamics and physicochemical properties of binary solvent. J. Chem. Phys. 62, 406–412 (1971)

    Google Scholar 

  51. Oswal, S., Rathnam, M.V.: Viscosity data of binary mixtures: ethyl acetate + cyclohexane, + benzene, + toluene, + ethylbenzene + carbon tetrachloride, and + chloroform at 303.15 K. Can. J. Chem. 62, 2851–2854 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Technological Studies, PAAET, Shuwaikh, P.O. Box 42325, 70654, Kuwait, Kuwait

    Mohammad S. Al Tuwaim, Adel S. Al-Jimaz & Khaled H. A. E. Alkhaldi

Authors
  1. Mohammad S. Al Tuwaim
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Adel S. Al-Jimaz
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Khaled H. A. E. Alkhaldi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Adel S. Al-Jimaz.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Al Tuwaim, M.S., Al-Jimaz, A.S. & Alkhaldi, K.H.A.E. Viscosities and Surface Tensions of Phenetole with N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-Dimethylformamide and Tetrahydrofuran Binary Systems at Three Temperatures. J Solution Chem 47, 449–467 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-018-0731-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-018-0731-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation