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The Density and Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions of Propionate Ionic Liquids: [C4mim][Pro] and [C6mim][Pro] at Different Temperatures

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Abstract

The propionate acid ionic liquids, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium propionate [C4mim][Pro] and [C6mim][Pro] were prepared by the neutralization method and characterized by 1H NMR spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. The values of density and surface tension of aqueous [C4mim][Pro] and [C6mim][Pro] with various molalities were determined at different temperatures, and the coefficient of thermal expansion, the apparent molar volume and the parachor for these solutions were calculated. The values of the apparent molar expansibility of the solute obtained from data of the apparent molar volume are in good agreement with the values calculated by the Harned–Owen equation. An empirical equation for prediction of surface tension for aqueous [C4mim][Pro] and [C6mim][Pro] was put forward and the values of the surface tension predicted by the empirical equation are very similar and highly correlated with the corresponding experimental values and the results predicted by the parachor semi-empirical method for solutions.

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Abbreviations

Ai :

Empirical parameter

A p :

Empirical parameter

Bi :

Empirical parameter

C0 :

Relationship between parameter

C1 :

Constant

C i :

Empirical parameter

1H NMR:

Proton nuclear magnetic resonance

M :

Molar mass

M A :

Molar mass of solvent

M B :

Molar mass of the solute

M m :

Average molar mass

m :

Molality

P :

Parachor

P m :

Parachor of solution, estimated

P solute :

Parachor of solute

P solvent :

Parachor of solvent

ΔP :

Measure of the solute–solvent interaction

q i :

Empirical parameter

r :

Correlation coefficient

r 2 :

Square of correlation coefficient

s :

Standard deviation

T :

Temperature

V :

Molar volume

ϕ V B :

Apparent molar volume

x :

Mole fraction of solute

y :

Extrapolation function

γ :

Surface tension

ρ :

Density

ρ 0 :

Density of pure water

ϕ E :

Apparent molar expansibility of the solute

α :

Coefficient of thermal expansion

α 0 :

Coefficient of thermal expansion of pure water

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Acknowledgments

This project was supported by NSFC (21273003, 21173107, and 21373005), the Education Bureau of Liaoning Province (LJQ2013001), Liaoning BaiQianWan Talents Program (2013921029) and the Foundation of 211 Project for Innovative Talents Training, Liaoning University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials, Liaoning University, Shenyang, 110036, China

    Jing Tong, Teng-Fei Chen, Lin-Fu Wang, Duo Zhang, Qi Yang & Jia-Zhen Yang

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  1. Jing Tong
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  2. Teng-Fei Chen
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Correspondence to Qi Yang.

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Tong, J., Chen, TF., Wang, LF. et al. The Density and Surface Tension of Aqueous Solutions of Propionate Ionic Liquids: [C4mim][Pro] and [C6mim][Pro] at Different Temperatures. J Solution Chem 45, 188–199 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-015-0423-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-015-0423-0

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