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Multicomponent Taylor Dispersion Coefficients

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Abstract

The Taylor dispersion method introduced by Pratt and Wakeham has won popularity for reliable and convenient mutual diffusion measurements. The usual procedure is to inject a pulse of excess solute into a carrier stream of solution and to monitor the broadened solute peak with a refractometer detector at the outlet of a capillary tube. Binary diffusion coefficients (D) are calculated by fitting concentration profiles from the Taylor–Aris equation ∂C/∂t = K∂2 C/∂x 2 to the detector signal, using K = D + (R 2 U 2/48D) for the dispersion coefficient of solute flowing at mean speed U in a tube of radius R. The Taylor method is also used to measure multicomponent diffusion coefficients (D ij ) for the flux of solute i caused by the concentration gradient in solute j. In this paper, the relation between K and D for binary solutions is extended to calculate K ij coefficients for the generalized Taylor–Aris equations ∂C i /∂t = ΣK ij ∂2 C j /∂x 2 describing coupled dispersion in multicomponent solutions. If axial diffusion is negligible (usually the case for liquids), then the K ij and D ij matrices are inversely related: K = (R 2 U 2/48)D −1. Coupled dispersion and coupled mutual diffusion in aqueous LiCl + KCl solutions are discussed to illustrate the results.

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Acknowledgments

Acknowledgment is made to the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada for the financial support of this research.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, St. Francis Xavier University, Antigonish, NS, B2G 2W5, Canada

    Leixing Chen & Derek G. Leaist

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  1. Leixing Chen
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  2. Derek G. Leaist
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Correspondence to Derek G. Leaist.

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Chen, L., Leaist, D.G. Multicomponent Taylor Dispersion Coefficients. J Solution Chem 43, 2224–2237 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10953-014-0268-y

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