Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Empirical models for the prediction of ground motion duration for intraplate earthquakes

  • ORIGINAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
Journal of Seismology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Many empirical relationships for the earthquake ground motion duration were developed for interplate region, whereas only a very limited number of empirical relationships exist for intraplate region. Also, the existing relationships were developed based mostly on the scaled recorded interplate earthquakes to represent intraplate earthquakes. To the author’s knowledge, none of the existing relationships for the intraplate regions were developed using only the data from intraplate regions. Therefore, an attempt is made in this study to develop empirical predictive relationships of earthquake ground motion duration (i.e., significant and bracketed) with earthquake magnitude, hypocentral distance, and site conditions (i.e., rock and soil sites) using the data compiled from intraplate regions of Canada, Australia, Peninsular India, and the central and southern parts of the USA. The compiled earthquake ground motion data consists of 600 records with moment magnitudes ranging from 3.0 to 6.5 and hypocentral distances ranging from 4 to 1000 km. The non-linear mixed-effect (NLMEs) and logistic regression techniques (to account for zero duration) were used to fit predictive models to the duration data. The bracketed duration was found to be decreased with an increase in the hypocentral distance and increased with an increase in the magnitude of the earthquake. The significant duration was found to be increased with the increase in the magnitude and hypocentral distance of the earthquake. Both significant and bracketed durations were predicted higher in rock sites than in soil sites. The predictive relationships developed herein are compared with the existing relationships for interplate and intraplate regions. The developed relationship for bracketed duration predicts lower durations for rock and soil sites. However, the developed relationship for a significant duration predicts lower durations up to a certain distance and thereafter predicts higher durations compared to the existing relationships.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Subscribe and save

Springer+ Basic
$34.99 /Month
  • Get 10 units per month
  • Download Article/Chapter or eBook
  • 1 Unit = 1 Article or 1 Chapter
  • Cancel anytime
Subscribe now

Buy Now

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14
Fig. 15

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Abrahamson NA, Silva WJ (1996) Empirical ground motion models. Report to Brookhaven National Laboratory

  • Abrahamson N, Silva WJ (2008) Summary of the Abrahamson and Silva NGA groundmotion relations, Earthquake Spectra, 24: 67–97

  • Abrahamson NA, Youngs RR (1992) A stable algorithm for regression analyses using the random effects model. Bull Seismol Soc Am 82(1): 505–510

  • Ambraseys NN, Free MW (1997) Surface-wave magnitude calibration for European region earthquakes. J Earthq Eng 1(1):1–22

    Google Scholar 

  • Ambraseys NN, Sarma SK (1967) The response of earth dams to strong earthquakes. Geotechnique 17(2):181–283

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anbazhagan P, Smitha CV, Kumar A (2014) Representative seismic hazard map of Coimbatore, India. Eng Geol 171:81–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Anbazhagan P, Bajaj K, Moustafa SSR, Al-Arifi NSN (2015) Maximum magnitude estimation considering the regional rupture character. J Seismol 19:695–719

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Arias A (1970) A measure of earthquake intensity. In: Hansen R J (ed) Seismic Design for Nuclear Power Plants,MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts, pp. 438–483

  • Atkinson GM (2004) Empirical attenuation of ground-motion spectral amplitudes in southeastern Canada and the northeastern United States. Bull Seismol Soc Am 94:2419–2423

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Atkinson GM, Sonley E (2005) Empirical relationship between moment magnitude and Nuttli magnitude for small magnitude earthquakes in southeastern Canada. Seismological Research Letters 76(6)

  • Bajaj K., and Anbazhagan P. (2016) A comparison of different functional form and modification of NGA-West 2 ground-motion prediction equation for the Himalayan region, J. Seismol. (Submitted)

  • Bommer JJ, Martinez-Pereira A (1999) The effective duration of earthquake strong motion. J Earthq Eng 3(2):127–172

    Google Scholar 

  • Bommer JJ, Stafford PJ, Alarcon JE (2009) Empirical equations for the prediction of the significant, bracketed and uniform duration of earthquake ground motion. Bull Seismol Soc Am 99(6):3217–3233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boore DM (2005) On pads and filters: processing strong-motion data. Bull Seism Soc Am 95:745–750

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boore DM, Thompson EM (2015) Revisions to some parameters used in stochastic-method simulations of ground motion bull. Seismol Soc Am 105:1029–1041

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bray JD, Rathje EM (1998) Earthquake induced displacements of solid-waste landfills. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 124(3):242–253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brune JN (1970) Tectonic stress and spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes. J Geophys Res 75(26):611–614

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brune JN (1971) Correction. J Geophys Res 76(20):1441–1450

    Google Scholar 

  • Dobry R, Idriss IM, Ng E (1978) Duration characteristics of horizontal components of strong-motion earthquake records. Bull Seismol Soc Am 68:1487–1520

    Google Scholar 

  • Fajfar P, Vidic T, Fischinger M (1990) A measure of earthquake motion capacity to damage medium-period structures. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 9:236–242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hancock J, Bommer JJ (2007) Using spectral matched records to explore the influence of strong-motion duration on inelastic structural response. Soil Dyn Earthq Eng 27(4):291–299

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hanks TC (1979) B-values and omega-gamma seismic source models—implications for tectonic stress variations along active crustal fault zones and the estimation of high-frequency strong ground motion. J Geophys Res 84:NB5 2235–NB5 2242

    Google Scholar 

  • Housner GW (1975) Measures of the severity of ground shaking. Proceedings U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 25–33

  • Husid L R (1969) Características de terremotos, Análisis general, Revista del IDIEM 8, San-tiago del Chile, 21–42

  • Jayaram N, Baker JW (2010) Considering Spatial Correlation in Mixed-Effects Regression and the Impact on Ground-Motion Models. Bull Seismol Soc Am 100:3295–3303

  • Joshi R, Ramancharla PK (2008) A note on the accuracy of seismic hazard in Peninsular India. The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering

  • Kamiyama M (1984) Effects of subsoil conditions and other factors on the duration of earthquake ground shaking. Proceedings, 8th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, San Francisco, 2:793–800

  • Kempton JJ, Stewart JP (2006) Prediction equations for significant durations of earthquake ground motions considering site and near-source effects. Earthquake Spectra 22(4):985–1013

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Koutrakis SI, Karakaisis GP, Hatzidimitriou PM, Koliopoulos PK, Margaris VN (2002) Seismic hazard in Greece based on different strong ground motion parameters. J Earthq Eng 6(1):75–109

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee J, Green RA (2008) Predictive relations for significant durations in stable continental regions. The 14th World conference on Earthquake Engineering, Beijing, China

  • Lee J, Green RA (2012) An empirical bracketed duration relation for stable continental regions of North America. Earthq Struct 3(1):1–15

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee J, Green RA (2014) An empirical significant duration relationship for stable continental regions. Bull Earthq Eng 12:217–235

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lumantarna E, Lam N, Wilson J, Griffith M (2010) Inelastic displacement demand of strength-degraded structures. J Earthq Eng 14(4):487–511. doi:10.1080/13632460903336910

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McGuire RK, Barnhard TP (1979) The usefulness of ground motion duration in prediction of severity of seismic shaking. Proceedings, 2nd U.S. National Conference on Earthquake Engineering, Stanford, California 713–722

  • McGuire RK, Hanks TC (1980) RMS accelerations and spectral amplitudes of strong ground motion during the San Fernando, California earthquake. Bull Seismol Soc Am 70(5):1907–1919

    Google Scholar 

  • McGuire RK, Silva WJ, Costantino CJ (2001) Technical basis for revision of regulatory guidance on design ground motions: hazard-and risk-consistent ground motion spectra guidelines, US Nuclear Regulatory Commission, Washington, DC

  • Pinheiro JC, Bates DM (2000) Mixed effects models in S and S-PLUS. Springer, New York

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Program-R (2015) (version 3.2.3) A language and environment for statistical computing and graphics: http://www.r-project.org/

  • Rauch AF, Martin JR (2000) EPOLLS model for predicting average displacements on lateral spreads. J Geotech Geoenviron Eng 126(4):360–371

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Simon G (2011) Duration characteristics of the mean horizontal component of shallow crust earthquake records in active tectonic regions. Dissertation, Arizona State University

  • Trifunac MD, Brady AG (1975) A study on duration of strong earthquake ground motion. Bull Seismol Soc Am 65:581–626

    Google Scholar 

  • Victor G, Federico M (2013) Seismic design of steel structures. CRC Press Publisher, 345

Download references

Acknowledgements

First author would like to thank “Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS),” Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Government of India, for funding the project titled “Seismic site classification for Indian shallow soil deposits” (Ref. No. Sanction No. 2012/36/33-BRNS-1656 dated October 10, 2012).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, 560012, India

    P. Anbazhagan, Ketan Bajaj, P. J. Mariya Dayana & H. Madhura

  2. School of Civil, Mining and Environmental Engineering, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW, 2500, Australia

    M. Neaz Sheikh

  3. Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India

    G. R. Reddy

Authors
  1. P. Anbazhagan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. Neaz Sheikh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ketan Bajaj
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. P. J. Mariya Dayana
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. H. Madhura
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. G. R. Reddy
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. Anbazhagan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Anbazhagan, P., Neaz Sheikh, M., Bajaj, K. et al. Empirical models for the prediction of ground motion duration for intraplate earthquakes. J Seismol 21, 1001–1021 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-017-9648-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10950-017-9648-2

Keywords

Search

Navigation