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Unordinary Ferromagnetic Phase Transitions in Mn- and Fe-doped Half-Heusler CoTiSb

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Abstract

Unordinary ferromagnetic character and high Curie temperature around 900 K have been detected for CoTi 1−xMxSb (M = Mn and Fe, x = 0.1) multiphases systems. The synthesis process was carried out at high temperature in evacuated quartz tubes. The x-ray powder diffraction analysis through Rietveld method was applied to refine the crystal structure. By manipulating the search match program, three nanocrystalline phases of CoTiSb (64.5%), CoSb (15.5%), and TiSb2 (20.5%) for Mn-doped system and CoTiSb (33%), Ti3Sb (35.3%), and CoTi2 (30.7%) for Fe-doped system were recognized. The term “phase” was used to address the coexistence of different stable chemical compositions for the same half-Heusler alloy. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM) were applied to characterize the morphology, size, shape, crystallinity and lattice spacing. Good matching was detected between the obtained d values using electron diffraction data and those calculated from x-ray analysis. Well defined nanocrystalline structure with average interatomic distances equaling 0.229 nm, 0.286 nm together with many successive rings with sharp diffraction spots characterized the Fe-doped system. In contrast, partially distorted structured planes and smeared halo surrounded by weak rings were detected in the Mn-doped system. Thermo-magnetic measurements (M-T) were performed for both systems. In addition to Curie transition, many magnetic phase transitions were detected and confirmed through the ΔM/ ΔT vs. T relationship. The field-dependence magnetization (M-H) was measured at different temperatures. The M-H hysteresis loops showed the ferromagnetic character for both systems. Tentative magnetic phase diagrams are suggested as a guide for future research.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are grateful to the Grants Commission of Al-Azhar University, Cairo. Egypt, for supporting this work. The authors are thankful to Nanotechnology Characterization Center (NCC), Cairo University, for extending the XRD, HR-TEM, and VSM facilities.

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  1. Nano-Materials Laboratory, Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt

    K. Sedeek, N. Makram, H. Hantour & Sh. A. Said

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  1. K. Sedeek
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  2. N. Makram
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  3. H. Hantour
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  4. Sh. A. Said
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Correspondence to K. Sedeek.

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Sedeek, K., Makram, N., Hantour, H. et al. Unordinary Ferromagnetic Phase Transitions in Mn- and Fe-doped Half-Heusler CoTiSb. J Supercond Nov Magn 31, 437–447 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-017-4202-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10948-017-4202-6

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